الفهرس 
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Abstract
This thesis is concerned with modern dosage forms introduced into the eye for the purpose of sustaining and controlling the drug release as well increasing the patient’s satisfaction by decreasing the frequency of dosing. The dosage forms tackled in this thesis are ocular liposomes and ocular inserts.
The thesis consists of two chapters and a general introduction
General Introduction
The general introduction includes general information about eye anatomy and physiology, expected ocular disorders. Also the drug absorption and eye elimination techniques as well as detailed explanation of the modern ocular dosage forms.
The general introduction also includes the requirements for a successful sustained release ocular dosage form.
The general introduction finally includes an approach to the non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and especially the selected active pharmaceutical ingredient; Ketorolac Tromethamine.
Chapter I:
Formulation of controlled release liposomes of Ketorolac tromethamine
The aim of this chapter is the preparation of liposomes containing Ketorolac Tromethamine to attain sustained release form of this drug.
The parameters were adjusted to achieve the optimum formula ; The parameters such as changing the excipients , varying their concentrations, changing the pH of the formula, changing the hydration volume during preparation, adding charge imparting agents, in order to statically adhere to the cornea.
It was proven during this study that increasing the percentage of the cholesterol used and adjusting the pH to 4.2, as well as adding a positive charge imparting agent led to enhancing the entrapment efficiency of the liposomes.
In this chapter liposomes were incorporated into thermosensitive gel –Pluronic F 127- which led to more control of the release.
Also in this chapter the kinetics of the drug release from liposomes were studied to find out the order of reaction to illustrate the way the drug is released from the liposomes to be absorbed the eye.
A six months stability study was conducted to ensure the entrapment of the drug in the liposomes at different storage conditions (4 & 25 °C). This study revealed that liposomes left on shelf leaked the Ketorolac Tromethamine out more quickly than those kept refrigerated. On the contrary, refrigerated liposomes incorporated in the thermosensitive gel leaked the drug earlier than those left on shelf.