الفهرس 
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Abstract
The idea to conceive the present work was based on current global debate about the imminent depletion of fossil fuel and the pressing need for alternative renewable and viable fuel resources. Microalgae have become in a focus of immense research concern as reliable resources of renewable biofuels. It is true that, feasible and sustainable production of microalgal biomass represent the backbone of the economic biotechnological applications of microalgae. The core objective of the present thesis was to investigate the potential of different species of Scenedesmus as feasible and sustainable feedstock of biodiesel production. The major research activities and outcomes of the present study can be summarized as follows: 1. Isolation, identification and growth characteristics of different species of Scenedesmus. 2. GC/MS analysis of transesterified lipids. 3. Trials for optimization of some growth controlling factors affecting biomass and lipid production of the test isolate BIRD-CHL 190. 4. Biomass and lipid production of Scenedesmus quadricauda var. maximum on an optimized Navicula medium containing 20 mg N l-1 ammonium sulphate as N source and 1.25 g glucose l-1. 5. Physical and chemical characteristics of lipids and biodiesel of Scenedesmus quadricauda var. maximum. 1- For the five test isolates of Scenedesmus, non significant differences in biomass and lipid production was recorded. However, the fatty acids compositions and percent differ greatly between the different test isolates (0.4 – 23.66%). 2- Optimization of some growth controlling factors for sustainable biomass production from Scenedesmus (BIRD-CHL 190) gave promising results. •Ammonium sulphate (NH4)2SO4 found to be the favorable nitrogen source. •The consumption rate studied revealed that the 20 mg N l-1 is the suitable concentration for cultivation of the test isolate. •Addition of 1.25 gl-1 glucose to the growth medium increased the biomass and lipid production compared to control culture. 3- Cultivation on the optimized medium enhanced the Fatty acids compositions and percent, in which the FAMEs % increased from 23.66% (control medium) to 61% (optimized culture). 4- No cross contaminations were observed when cultivation at non sterilized medium.