الفهرس 
Cover Page Title in EnglishOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Diarrhea is a common problem in equines and causes significant losses in foals and adult horses. Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens play a significant role in diarrheic syndrome in equine. The study was designed to determine the role of Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens in equine diarrhea. Three hundred and eighty equine was examined clinically, where 65 were suffering from diarrhea. character of diarrhea ranged from semiformed to watery diarrhea according to severity of the disease, temperature of animal from normal up to 39ºc. Also 10 samples were collected from apparently healthy animals. Clostridium difficile was isolated from 15 samples out of 65 diarrheic samples and from 4 out of 10 apparently healthy animals, while Clostridium perfringens was isolated from 11 out of 65 diarrheic samples. Moreover, both Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens were isolated from 5 out of 65 diarrheic samples. ELISA and PCR-technique were used to detect Clostridium difficile toxin A and B from feaces, and isolates, and the result indicated that the isolated Clostridium difficile was non-toxigenic. Multiplex-PCR was used for detection of Clostridium perfringens α and β2 toxin and the result indicated the presence of α and β2 toxin .Randomly selected isolates of Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens were tested for their sensitivity against different concentrations of antibiotics by using disc diffusion method, showed that Clostridium difficile was highly sensitive to Tetracycline, Metronidazole, Vancomycin, Florofenicole and Lincomycin plus Spectinomycin, moderate sensitive to Enrofloxacin and Amoxicillin plus Clauvilinic acid and resistant to Colistin, Gentamycin and Cefotaxime .While testing sensitivity of Clostridium perfringens against different antibiotics it was highly sensitive to Vancomycin, Metronidazole, and Amoxicillin plus Clavulanic-acid. Moderate sensitive to Penicillin G and resistant to Colistin and Gentamycin.