الفهرس 
POOLLYYCCYYSSTTIICCOOVVAARRYYSSYYNNDDRROOMMEE((PPCCOOSS)Only 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder that affects 5–10% of women of reproductive age (Har et al., 2004). The revised definition of PCOS requires the presence of 2 of the following 3 diagnostic criteria: oligo-ovulation and/or anovulation, clinical and/or biochemical features of hyperandrogenism, and the presence of polycystic ovary morphology (Rotterdam ESHRE/ASRM-Sponsored PCOS Cnsensus Workshop Group, 2003).
The metabolic and reproductive abnormalities have predisposed women to develop infertility and endometrial cancer necessitating early diagnosis and appropriate treatment (Fearnley et al., 2010).
Traditional and well validated treatments used for ovulation induction in women with PCOS are administration of clomiphene citrate (CC) and gonadotropins, and the surgical ovulation induction with the use of laparoscopic ovarian diathermy (LOD). New treatments, which have been gaining a lot of popularity in clinical practice, are the use of insulin sensitizing drugs such as metformin and specific lifestyle programs for obese women with PCOS (Palomba et al., 2004).
VEGF is a key regulator of normal and abnormal proliferation of blood vessels and has been shown to play a central role in ovarian angiogenesis (Sova et al., 2010). VEGF is expressed and secreted in the human ovary in a manner that suggests a role for this growth factor in both cyclic angiogenesis and regulation of vascular permeability, both of which are critical for ovarian folliculogenesis and normal reproductive function (Geva et al., 2000).
This study was a prospective study which was conducted at Laparoscopy Unit in Ain Shams University Maternity Hospital to determine the serum levels of VEGF before and after laparoscopic ovarian drilling (LOD) in patients with PCOS. It included 45 patients aged 20-35 years and resistant to treatment with clomiphene citrate.
This patients with mean age=25.8 years, mean BMI =33.4 kg/m2, mean duration of infertility 2.9 years, 30 women with primery infertility and 15 women with secondary infertility, mean FSH level 6.74 mIU/ml, mean LH level 12.92 mIU/ml, meanVEGF level before LOD 3.67 ng/ml and after LOD 2.86 ng/ml.
There was statistically significant difference between VEGF level before and after LOD. There was a significant reduction in the serum level of VEGF after LOD (p<0.001) which was showed in table (5).
Moreover, there was significant correlation between VEGF level before LOD and the change in VEGF level after LOD. Table (7).
There was no statistically significant correlation between the level of VEGF and age, BMI, duration of infertility, FSH level, LH level, or testosterone level (p-values, >0.05). Table (6).