الفهرس 
Anatomy and Embryology of the breastOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Pitanguy and Weiner had both popularized superior pedicle techniques in the 1960s, the mid to late i 970s saw a number of surgeons (Courtiss, Cicorgiade. Goldwyn, Ribiero, Robbins) workinsb on the refinement of an inferior
dermoglandular pedicle with broad base to improve vascularity
and sensation. the resulting techniques have become ”the gold. standard” procedures against which others arc measured (Jones,
2006).
The inferior pcdiclc technique is versatile and safe and can be used for most cases of breast hypertrophy. There arc virtually no contraindications except perhaps in gigantomastiaflfoffman,
21)11 ).
Medial and superomedial technique cones the breast. narrows the base, and gives it more projection, whereas the inverted T inferior pcdiclc compresses the breast by keeping Ile vertical limb short to prevent bottoming-out (Hall-Findlay,
2012).
Free nipple z,.ratts
arc an important consideration
especially if any of the other pcdicles have an unpredictable blood supply especially Ior the larger reductions (Hall-Findlay,
2012) .
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Summary and conclusion
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Short Scar Techniques have evolved progress: vcly and rapidly gaining acceptance, Although initially thought to be suitable Cur small and moderate breast reductions in young women with elastic skin, 1nany procedures arc now finding utility in larger reductions in older women (.I ones, 200(i).
Any of the various pedicles (inferior, central. superior, medial and lateral) can be adapted to any of I.he skin resection paucrns. The parenchymal resection pattern can also vary (1lall•
Findlay, 2012).
Each method of breast reduction has advantages and disadvantages. The surgeon should evaluate each patient’s desires in light of her physical presentation. ~o one technique satisfies all. Each surgeon should be comfortable with several techniques, even if he or she prefers one technique for most
patients (Iall-Fiudlay, 2005).