الفهرس 
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Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate the biochemical and histopathological effect of monosodium glutamate and / or sodium nitrite on Japanese quails. Study lasted for 60 days and was carried out on a total of 40 male Japanese quails of 125 -145 gm body weight were located into 4 groups (10 birds/group). Group I: control group: kept on basal ration and water ad libitum. Group II: Monosodium glutamate group (MSG): kept on basal ration containing 10 g/kg ration monosodium glutamate /day for 60 days. Group III: Sodium nitrite group (NaNO2): kept on basal ration containing 1.7 g/kg ration sodium nitrite /day for 60 days. Group IV: Monosodium glutamate and Sodium nitrite treated group (MSG and NaNO2): kept on basal ration containing 5 g monosodium glutamate together with 0.85 g sodium nitrite /kg ration/day for 60 days. After 60 days, birds were fasted overnight, the blood samples collected from wing veins by syringes and serum samples were separated for determination of: Liver function tests (AST, ALT and GGT)Serum proteins and protein electrophoresis concentration.•Lipid profile, Total cholesterol and Triacylglycerol.•Kidney function tests (urea, creatinine and uric acid).Glucose.Thyroid hormones, T3 and T4. Serum minerals, Na, K, calcium, iron, phosphorus and zinc. After the collection of blood samples, birds were scarified then eviscerated for collection of livers and kidneys tissues for: Histopathological examination.Our results and statistical analysis revealed the following:1- Treatment with MSG and / or NaNO2 resulted in significant increase in serum AST, ALT and GGT levels in all treated groups as compared to control group.2- Treatment with MSG and / or NaNO2 resulted in significant decrease in serum proteins concentrations and protein electrophoresis fractions in all treated groups as compared to control group. 3- Treatment with MSG and / or NaNO2 resulted in significant increase in serum TC and TAG concentrations in all treated groups, but the serum TAG not affected in NaNO2 treated group as compared to control group.4- Treatment with MSG and / or NaNO2 resulted in significant increase in serum urea, creatinine and uric acid concentrations in all treated groups as compared to control group.5- Treatment with MSG and / or NaNO2 resulted in significant increase in serum glucose concentration in all treated groups as compared to control group.6- Treatment with MSG and / or NaNO2 resulted in significant increase in serum T3 and T4 levels in all treated groups, but the serum T4 not affected in MSG-treated group as compared to control group.7- Treatment with MSG and / or NaNO2 resulted in significant increase in serum calcium level in all treated groups as compared to control group.8- Treatment with MSG and / or NaNO2 resulted in significant decrease in serum iron, phosphorus and zinc levels in all treated groups as compared to control group without change in Na and K levels.9- Liver tissues of control group showed normal liver parenchyma, hepatocytes and central vein.10- Liver tissues of groups treated with MSG and / or NaNO2 showed portal inflammation, piecemeal and lytic necrosis, sinusoidal dilatation and kupffer cell hyperplasia, portal fibrosis, hydropic change and cloudy swelling.11- Kidney tissues of control group showed normal glomeruli and tubules.12- Kidney tissues of groups treated with MSG and / or NaNO2 showed loss of brush borders, desquamation of the lining epithelium, cloudy swelling of the tubules, glomerular mesengial expansion and extravasation of RBCS.