الفهرس 
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Abstract
Ginbuna crucian carp were used in the present study to synthesize interferon gamma and use it as adjuvant for E. tarda vaccine. To know the mechanisms involved in protection of ginbuna crucian carp from E. tarda infection focusing on expression analysis of Th1 and Th2 cytokines at T cell subset level. To explore the tissue distribution of CD4 and CD8 positive T cells in adult fish and the distribution of these cells in the different developmental stages. In the first part of this thesis 36 fish of ginbuna crucian carp were used and divided into 4 groups, these groups were injected with PBS, E. tarda antigen, E. tarda Ag +10 ng of IFN-γ2 and E. tarda antigen +100 ng of IFN-γ2. Expression levels of IFN-γ1 in CD4+ cells was greatly increased in rIFN-γ2-immunized group with 10 ng three days after immunization, while expression levels of IFN-γ1 were higher in IFN-γ2 injected group than E. tarda group one day, three days and six days after immunization at the level of CD8+ cells. Expression levels of IFN-γ2 were higher in IFN-γ2 injected group than E. tarda group, three days and six days after immunization at the level of CD4+ cells, while expression levels of IFN-γ2 were higher in IFN-γ2 injected group than E. tarda group one day and three days after immunization at the level of CD8+ cells. Expression levels of IFN-γrel1 were higher in IFN-γ2 injected group than E. tarda group one day and three days after immunization at the level of CD4+ cells, while expression levels of IFN-γrel1 were higher in IFN-γ2 injected group than E. tarda group one day, three days and six days after immunization at the level of CD8+ cells. Expression levels of IFN-γrel2 were higher in IFN-γ2 injected group than E. tarda group one day and three days after immunization at the level of CD4+ cells, while no expression were detected of IFN-γrel2 at the level of CD8+ cells. There was no significant up-regulation of IL-4/13A at the level of CD4 and CD8+ cells.