الفهرس 
AIM OF THE STUDYOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
It was conducted to evaluate the treatment effects of en-masse retraction with mini-screws as source of anchorage and compared with the effects of those combined with corticotomy of different site. In addition, the time taken for en masse retraction was compared.
The present study was carried on thirty female patients who had maxillary or bimaxillary protrusion with mean age 21 years old ranging from 18-27 years old. They were selected from patients seeking orthodontic treatment at the Orthodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal University. They were divided randomly into three groups as the following:
group 1 (G1) subjects:
10 patients treated with mini screw dependent en masse retraction.
group 2 (G2) subjects:
10 patients treated with mini screw dependent en masse retraction associated with labial corticotomy facilitated technique.
group 3 (G3) subjects:
10 patients treated with mini screw dependent en masse retraction associated with palatal corticotomy facilitated technique.
Lateral cephalograms at pretreatment (T1) and after treatment (T2) were used for cephalometric analysis and comparison between the three groups. Also, the Time taken for complete space closure was compared between the three groups
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All data were collected, tabulated and statistically analyzed.
On the basis of the results of this study the following conclusion were derived:
1. The time taken for en-masse retraction of the maxillary anterior teeth with mini-screws and corticotomy of labial or palatal side was less than that taken for en-masse retraction with miniscrew only without corticotomy.
2. A corticotomy-facilitated orthodontic treatment with mini-screws is an effective method for maximum anchorage in adult patients who desire a shortened orthodontic treatment period.
3. Reduction of surgery time and patient discomfort are basic advantages to a single side corticotomy.
4. The use of corticotomy technique from labial side only could be beneficial for adult patients with difficult surgical access from the palatal side
5. Although corticotomy procedure provides reduction in the period of en-masse retraction, but the treatment effects were comparable to that without corticotiony