الفهرس 
Ceramic BracketsOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
This in-vitro study was conducted to evaluate and compare 3 different etching protocols and 2 different types of adhesives to be used for bonding ceramic brackets with minimum debonding problems. A sample of 96 freshly extracted upper premolars was collected. The teeth were then randomly divided into 6 groups each of 16 teeth.
The Inspire Ice brackets were bonded to all the teeth. Transbond XT adhesive was used to bond groups I, II and III, while Vertise Flow was used to bond groups IV, V and VI. Five seconds etching using 37% phosphoric acid gel was used for enamel conditioning for groups I and IV, Fifteen seconds etching with 37% phosphoric acid gel was used for group II and V, while Transbond plus SEP was used for groups III and VI. Following bonding, all the samples were thermocycled in water bath for 1000 cycles using the thermocycling machine.
All teeth were mounted vertically using a surveyor in self-cure acrylic resin blocks covering the root of the teeth to the cemento-enamel junction. Half of the sample was debonded using universal testing machine to determine the SBS needed to debond each bracket, while the other half was debonded by hand using the plastic plier recommended by the manufacturer. All the teeth were examined for ARI under stereomicroscope with 40X magnification, the amount of the adhesive was measured using micro image processing software. For the brackets debonded by the plier, the number of bracket fragments was recorded as well as the number of teeth that had bracket fragments attached after debonding.
The findings indicated that 5 seconds etching exhibited low SBS with both Transbond XT and Vertise Flow and it is less than optimum for the clinical use. While 15 seconds etching exhibited acceptable clinical SBS with both types of adhesives, Transbond plus SEP also produced acceptable SBS.
The highest incidence of bracket fracture occurred with 15 seconds etching either with Transbond XT or the Vertise Flow, while the lower incidence occurred with 5 seconds etching.