الفهرس 
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Abstract
The present work was mainly planned to analyze the vegetation of railway habitat in eastern Nile Delta region of Egypt. In addition, to assess the morphological, anatomical, phytochemicals and biological features of three selected plant from the study area.
To achieve the aim of study the following had been carried out :
(1) Study 90 stands represented the railway road habitat in three governorates of eastern Nile Delta (El-Sharqia, El-Dakahlia and Damietta).
(2) Investigate the floristic features and life forms of the vegetation in the study area.
(3) Identify the plant communities that characterize the railway habitat by applying TWINSPAN analysis on the recorded species in the study area.
(4) Asses the soil factors that controlling the plant vegetation (moisture – texture – porosity – water holding capacity – pH – electrical conductivity – total dissolved salts – chlorides – sulphates - calcium carbonates – organic carbon) using Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA(.
(5) Describe the morphological and anatomical features of three selected plants from the study area ( Emexspinosa, Sisymbriumirio and Spergulafallax).
(6) Evaluate the primary and secondary constituents, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the studied plants.
The results of this study revealed the following:
The total number of recorded species was 52 species for 22 vascular plant families and belonging to 50 genera. These plant species differentiated into 32 annual and 20 perennial species. The most common families in the study area were Asteraceae (17.31%) followed by Poaceae (15.38%), Chenopodiaceae (13.46) and Brassicaeae (9.62%).
Concerning life forms of the vegetation of the study area, therophytes were the predominant life form and consisted 57.69%; followed by helophytes and geophytes (13.46% each) then chamaephytes (11.54%) and hemicryptophytes (9.43%). Meanwhile, Nanophanerophytes recorded the lowest value (1.92%) among the life forms.
The floristic analysis of the study area revealed that, 16 species (30.77 %) of the total recorded species are Pluriregional, 14 species (26.92 %) are Biregional, 8 species (15.38) are cosmopolitan, 5 species (9.62%) are Pantropical, and 2 species (3.85%) are Palaeotropical, Neotropical, Mediterranean, and Saharo-Sindian.
The dendrogram produced by Two-way Indicator Species Analysis (TWINSPAN) based on the frequency of 52 plant species recorded in 90 sites (stands) revealed 7 vegetational groups. Group A comprises three stands located in Abu Kibir city (El Sharqia governorate) which dominated and indicated by Desmostachyabipinnata. Group B consist of five stands located in Zagazig city (El Sharqia governorate) and dominated by Desmostachyabipinnata and indicated by Plucheadioscoridis. Group C (11 sites) located at El Senbellawein -Zagazig road which dominated by Phragmitesaustralis and indicated byCynanchumacutum.