الفهرس 
Spinal anaesthesia for caesarean section
Approaches of SA:Only 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Regional and general anaesthesia are commonly used for CS and both
have their advantages and disadvantages.
The risks of GA include the aspiration of stomach contents,
awareness of the surgical procedure (due to inadequate anaesthesia), failed
intubations, and respiratory problems for both mother and baby. When
supplemented with halogenated volatile agents, general anaesthesia has also
been associated with a greater risk of maternal blood loss compared with
regional anaesthesia.
The advantages of RA include the reduction of the incidence of
general anaesthetic complications and that of early bonding between the
mother and the newborn, since the mother is awake during the procedure.
Spinal anaesthesia has a faster onset of action and requires less of the
drug, but causes more hypotensive episodes than epidural anaesthesia.
Bupivacaine is an amide type LA widely used in surgery and
obstetrics. Levobupivacaine, the S-enantiomer of bupivacaine is one of the
latest LA agent introduced into clinical practice that had significantly less
cardiac and neural toxic effects than bupivacaine.
The aim of this study was to compare the anaesthetic properties of
SA using levobupivacaine and fentanyl with that of hyperbaric bupivacaine
and fentanyl for CS.