الفهرس 
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Abstract
Objectives: The present study aimed to compare the safety and effectiveness of oral midazolam (0.5 mg/kg) and oral diazepam (0.3 mg/kg) for conscious sedation of pediatric dental patients aged 4 to 6 years old undergoing short dental procedure. Method: the study was designed in cross-over manner on 56 healthy dental patients (ASA-Ι), uncooperative (negative category of Frankle behavior scale, as each patient served as his or her control, each patient was randomly sedated once by oral midazolam (0.5 mg/kg) and the second setting by oral diazepam (0.3 mg/kg). The assessment criteria in this study were: duration of visits, the behavioral reaction to drug administration, the taste of the drug, behavioral reaction of local anesthesia administration, vital signs (blood pressure, pulse rate, and oxygen saturation), behavior during treatment, level of sedation, the outcome of treatment, overall behavior, and adverse reactions. Results: No significant difference was found between both drugs as regard the duration of visits. Most of children (80%) didn’t cry during drug administration, two children spilled midazolam and refused to complete treatment. Midazolam taste was found to be much more bitter than Diazepam. As regard to behavioral reaction to local anesthesia, midazolam was significantly better than diazepam. All vital signs were within normal range for both drugs. The movement after 40 min was significantly lower for midazolam, but there was no significant difference after 90 minutes. There was no significant difference between the two drugs as regard crying after 40 and 90 minutes. Sleep scores after 40 and 90 minutes were significantly higher in midazolam than diazepam. The level of sedation after 40 and 90 min was significantly deeper for midazolam. Midazolam was significantly better than diazepam as regards to the outcome of treatment and overall behavior. As regard to side effects, 2 cases under midazolam sedation exhibited vomiting and dizziness, and 2 cases exhibited hallucination. However no side effects were encountered with diazepam. Conclusion: Oral midazolam (0.5 mg/kg) and oral diazepam (0.3 mg/kg) are safe forms of conscious sedation for pediatric dental patients aged 4 to 6 years for short dental procedures, but midazolam was found to be more effective.