الفهرس 
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Abstract
The present thesis is a trial to shed further light on the deployment of a large number of pollution monitors, as a wireless sensor network (WSN), especially at arid areas. The large number of nodes excludes any kind of maintenance, such as battery replacement, after the system has been deployed. Hence, the lifetime of the system is a compromise between the energy that the nodes carries when deployed (battery powered) and the measurement rate. For achieving extended lifetime for a WSN is to exploit the possibility of energy harvesting from the environment, i.e., WSN can be powered by solar panels. Therefore, the most attainable method of improving the performance of solar power collection is to increase the mean intensity of radiation received from the sun. This will be achieved by keeping the solar photovoltaic panel perpendicular to the sun throughout the day in order to make it more efficient. This can be achieved by a sun tracker, a device for orienting a solar photovoltaic panel toward the sun. Sun tracker needs controllers, may be intelligent such as fuzzy logic controller or conventional controller such as PID controller. A proposed controller is designed where, it consists of two stages, the first stage is responsible for obtaining the reference angle of DC motor and its design is based on Fuzzy Logic System (FLS). On the other hand, the second stage is responsible for aligning Photovoltaic panel and its design is based on Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID), Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC), Indirect Adaptive Fuzzy Logic Controller (IDAFLC) and Direct Adaptive Fuzzy Logic Controller (DAFLC). The major objective of the research undertaken in this thesis is design the solar tracking system based on the previous controllers for achieving the maximum power from the sun and comparing its power with the fixed solar system. Implementing the controllers on Arduino DUE. Where, from practical results which are obtained, the efficiency of sun tracking system which is based on PID, FLC, IDAFLC or DAFLC is higher than the fixed solar system by 36 %, 36.002 %, 50.7 %, 52.98 %, respectively.