الفهرس 
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Abstract
Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) is considered one of the most medicinal and aromatic plants in Egypt and the world. Powdery mildew and downy mildew are among the most important diseases which attack chamomile in the different cultivation areas. The fungal pathogens of these diseases as were identified Sphaerothecafuliginea (Schlect. Fr) Poll in case powdery mildew and when Peronospora radii(De Bary) in case of downy mildew. Chamomile cultivation is concentrated in Fayoum and Beni-Suef governorates and about 80% and 19.84%, respectively of the total cultivated area are located in these governorates in 2013-2014 growing season. Regarding the isolated bio control agents (Trichoderma harzianum, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis), the highest effect in controlling either powdery or downy mildew was recorded when isolate of T. harzianum was used. Some natural chemical substances are allowed to be used against plant pathogens, i.e Copper sulfate, Copper oxychloride and Micronized sulfur, therefore they were used throughout the disease control programs. The highest effect against powdery mildew incidence and severity was using Micronized sulfur, while Copper sulfate gave same effect against downy mildew incidence and severity. Also the highest yield in inflorescences yield, plant height (cm), number of branches ∕ plant, fresh and dry 100 inflorescences was obtained when T. harzianum was used. Using either of T. harzianumevery week or Blight stop every 2 weeks, yielded the highest values in plant height, number of branches ∕ plant, number of inflorescences ∕plant and fresh and dry weight of 100 inflorescences, compare with any other treatment. The highest amount of essential oil (0.50 ml ∕ 100 g of dry inflorescences) was detected when the commercial biocide (Blight stop) was used every 2 weeks. Three different approved biocides were used (Blight stop, Bio-Zeid and Bio ARC). The highest yield was recorded in plots received Blight stop and 845 kg dry inflorescences ∕ feddan was recorded compare with 769 and 742 kg dry flower ∕ feddan in case of Bio-Zeid and Bio ARC respectively. According to organic agriculture laws Eu 834 ∕ 2007 and 889 ∕ 2008, Copper sulfate, Copper oxy chloride and Micronized sulfur are allowed to be used in plant protection against plant diseases. When powdery mildew was considered, the highest percentage in disease reduction was obtained when Micronized sulfur was used. This high percentage in disease reduction was correlated with the highest value of free and total phenols and lowest conjugated phenol contents in treated plants. Whereas, the lowest percentages in reduced and total sugars were found in plant receive Micronized sulfur. The highest essential oil content was found in plants treated with Copper sulfate.