الفهرس 
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Abstract
The genetic variations among three lines of Oreochromis ni/oticus collected frome different locations in Egypt were studied based on biocherr.ical and molecular levels . The five isozyme systems, Esterase ( Est ), Lactate dehydrogenase ( Ldh), Malate dehydrogenase ( Mdh ), Acide phosphatase ( ACPH) and Superoxide dismutase (Sod)
were studied in ten organs for each line. To discriminate isozymes variations among Oreochromis fish populations, different synthetic esterase substrates; a-naphthylbutyrate, a-naphthylpropionate and a naphthylvalerate were applied. Muscle and gills esterases had the value of line-substrate band specificity in comparison to.both kidney and eye. SDS-PAGE protein electrophoretic patterns were employed to study inter and intra population variations of Oreochromis- lines. each population had a unique protien-banding pattern. RAPD markers were successfully used. to discriminate nu fear genetic varia.tions among the applied three lines. In this situation, thirteen different random primers (decamers) were used.Onfy, six primers (OpB-8, OpB-14,G12, A11, UBC-9 and UBC-4) succeeded in catching and amplifying genomic DNA of all lines....