الفهرس 
CHAPTER 1Only 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Difficulties -in -transportation -in -highly populated cities like Cairo is one of the me:.:i 1;:-crtt z.d ’: !!!p!icated prG.b!em&-·- On.e..o£the m-ost-’va1B:able seltttieRs is tfle construction of underground transit network Different techniques have been employed for underground works over the last decades. Cut-and-Cover technique utilizing reinforced diaphragm walls is considered one of the best techniques when coupling it with grouting because of the sufficient control of settlement and ground water adjacent to the diaphragm wall and consequently the surrounding buildings.
This Ph.D investigates different aspects related to the problem of braced . excavations using diaphragm walls starting from excavating trench, filling it with slurry. The main topics considered in this research are the nonlinear strqs-strain proposed for . the soil behaviour together with the analytical simulation of the construction stages, also this research including_several studies , have been made to improve understanding of the conditions governing the stability of slurry-filled for trenches and the behaviour of fresh concrete which replaced the slurry. ’
In the present work much attention has been given to finite element modeling of slurry and the fresh concrete stages. An attempt is made to unify their treatment to present generally applicable analyses.
The present study illustrates two comprehensive monitoring program to ORABI station and Rood El-Farag Subway station. The results of this programs were compared with the most recent empirical approaches dealing with the ground movements associated with construction. These results are also compared with the results nf a sophisticated finite element nonlinear program which takes into consideration the construction stages and simulates the interface properties between the diaphragm wall and the soiL