الفهرس 
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Abstract
Health care workers are constantly exposed to blood & other body fluid in the course of their work in hemodialysis units. Compliance to hand hygiene (HH) practice and Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) use is an essential component in the prevention of hospital-acquired infections. Multiple factors are likely to influence practices of health care workers. Aim: To determine the level of compliance with hand hygiene practice and PPE use among nurses in hemodialysis (HD) units and identify the associated factors. Design: A descriptive cross-sectional, correlational design was carried out. Methodology: A convenient sample of 39 hemodialysis nurses from two selected hemodialysis units at a University Hospital in Cairo-Egypt were selected. Relevant data were collected through Self-administered Questionnaire to assess selected Sociodemographic variables related to the study subjects and their knowledge about infection control; and an Observational Checklist to assess nurses’ performance regarding HH practice and PPE use and level of compliance. Results: The majority of nurses were females (79.5%) with a mean age of 35.97±8.2 years old, having nursing diploma (82.1%).There were serious gaps in knowledge about infection control in the dialysis setting among the studied HD staff members with a mean score of 52.65±10.81. Compliance to HH practice and PPE use was very low (4.6%). No significant correlation were found between practice of hand hygiene and PPE use and sociodemographic characteristic, knowledge, years of experience, workload, type of shift, room and availability of resources Conclusions: The level of compliance among HD nurses under the study was unacceptably low and the majority of HD nurses had unsatisfactory level of knowledge. Recommendations: Compliance with Standard Precautions guidelines in health care settings are considered preventive measures and should be approached. Continuing education programs regarding infection control practice specific to hemodialysis settings are recommended. Future studies should focus on evaluating specific interventions to increase compliance with hand hygiene practice and PPE use among HD nurses.