الفهرس 
List of abbreviations
CKD definition, classification and epidemiologyOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
*Objectives: The present study was carried out in a trial to open up new horizons for the use of gum Arabic (GA) in some therapeutic nutrition applications through fortify the diets of CKD with GA in order to enhance their organs functions including the kidneys. Also, the addition of GA to LPD and LPPD, one of an important CKD treatment, in a trial to add some positive biological effects to the CKD patients will be in the scope of this study. Gum Arabic is one of an important to treatment CKD; therefore, it can be used to prepare pomegranate juice at level 0.5, 1.5, 2.5 and 3.5%, after that the sensory characteristics were evaluated. *Methods & Results: The chemical compositions as moisture, total protein, crude fat, crude fiber, ash and total carbohydrates content of AG sample were 12.21, 3.22, 0.18, 93.26, 2.47 and 0.87%, respectively. The rate was decreased in food intake (FI) and body weight gain(BWG) as the result of CRF induction was -20.71 and -59.32%. Moreover, of groups fed on low protein diet (LPD) and phosphorus and potassium diet (LPPD) containing 2% arginine and led to increase in food intake by the rates of 8.12 and 7.75% and body weight gain of 29.10and 27.21%, respectively. The results showed that the rates were increased in sodium and potassium levels in CRF induction was 36.62 and 59.89%. Additional of groups fed on low protein diet (LPD) and phosphorus and potassium diet (LPPD) containing 2% arginine and led to decrease in sodium level by the rates of -5.12 and -12.37% and -19.28 and -19.01% in potassium, respectively. The rate of increasing in uric acid and creatinine levels as the results of CRF induction was 104.32 and 390.38%. Additional of groups fed on low protein diet (LPD) and phosphorus and potassium diet (LPPD) containing 2% arginine and led to decrease in uric acid level by the rates of -15.29 and -10.79% and also decreased in creatinine by the rates of -21.40 and -16.83%, respectively. The rate of increasing in GSH-Px, SOD and CAT activities as the result of CRF induction was 32.92, 33.77 and 26.02%, respectively. Additional of groups fed on low protein diet (LPD) and phosphorus and potassium diet (LPPD) containing 2% arginine and led to decrease in GSH-Px, SOD and CAT activities by the rates of 14.95, 12.65 and 9.51; and 22.84, 16.21 and 12.87%, respectively. Add ofArabic gum at level 0.5, 1.5, 2.5 and 3.5 % to prepare pomegranate juice. Sensory characteristics such as flavor, aroma, color, texture and overall acceptability were evaluated in pomegranate juice. The obtained data could be showed that the pomegranate juice samples were the added gum Arabic to pomegranate juice till 2.5% was acceptability.*Conclusion: Low protein, phosphorus, potassium and gum Arabic consumption should take place in our diets since it reduce the risk of chronic kidney diseases. Also, the using of gum Arabic is considered cheaper and healthy safe compared with drugs used in treatment of chronic kidney diseases.