الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The present study focused on applying tissue engineering to dentistry. Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine are emerging fields that have only recently found their way into the dental field. Stem cell research has been hailed for the potential to revolutionize the future of medicine with the ability to regenerate damaged and diseased organs. Stem cells isolated from a variety of organs are capable of ignoring their cell lineage boundaries and exhibiting more plasticity in their fate(60,67).
Research proved that stem cells can be used to treat many diseases such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, chronic heart diseases and periodontal diseases as well as to grow replacement teeth and bone(67). As teeth are a good source for stem cells, storing them will be an excellent way to ensure the future biological needs for the individuals. That is why several cell banks around the world are starting to collect deciduous teeth and to store them for future use(86).
The objective of the present study was to isolate dental pulp stem cells, to test their proliferation in different culture media and to induce their osteoblastic differentiation using recombinant bone morphogenetic protein-2 and insulin like growth factor-I separately then in combination and comparing this with the osteogenic differentiation using the ordinary osteogenic media (β-glycerophosphate+L-ascorbic acid+dexamethasone).
Dental pulp stem cells have been isolated from the pulp tissue of human third molar teeth using their ability to adhere to plastic culture plates. Extirpated pulp tissue was digested in 0.2% collagenase solution and then stem cells were collected.
The isolated cells were expanded in vitro in routine culture media. The cells were then cultured in different culture media and using inverted light microscope, cells were monitored throughout the culture for their shape and proliferation.
To test osteogenic differentiation and calcified nodules formation, alizarin red stain was used. Confirmation of successful differentiation was done by testing osteocalcin and bone sialoprotein II using RT-PCR.
Results of this work showed successful isolation of dental pulp stem cells. In the present study, the DPSCs were successfully isolated based on their ability to adhere to plastic plates .Cells expanded in vitro showed a diversity in morphology. Cells showed high proliferative rates.
On the twelvth day of culture, colorimetric changes were only seen in osteogenic and combined growth factors plates.
On day twenty two, more calcium crystals were deposited denoted by more color changes.
BSPII and osteocalcin gene were only expressed in osteogenic plates and combined growth factors plates on the twelvth day of culture and became expressed in all plates by the twenty second day of culture.
from the present work, we can conclude that the dental pulp is a very promising source of stem cells from which dental pulp stem cells can be isolated by their ability to adhere to plastic plates. We may also conclude that dental pulp stem cells can be induced to differentiate into osteoblast like cells with calcium nodules deposition using an ordinary osteogenic media consisting of B-glycerophosphate, L-ascorbic acid and dexamethasone. A combination of BMP-2 (100 ng/ml) and IGF-I (200 ng/ml) can be used to substitute the previously cited osteogenic media .