الفهرس 
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Abstract
Introduction: Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are essential fatty acids offering multiple health benefits. They form an integral part of cell membrane and are indispensable for normal metabolism. Fish oil and flaxseed oil are among few dietary sources of these fatty acids.
Aim of study: The present study elucidated the effect of omega 3 fatty acids (Eicosapentaenoic acid and Docosahexaenoic acid) which found in fish oil on hyperlipidemic and hypothyroid albino rats.
The materials and methods: The induction of hyperlipidemia was done by cholesterol powder, cholic acid and animal lard to the standard diet in percentage of 1%, 0. 5% and 5%, respectively to rats for about 45 days, while hypothyroidism was induced by administration of Carbimazole (30 mg/ kg b.w/day) to rats for about 45 days. Moreover, the treatment was occurred by receiving daily, by gavage, fish oil (0.5mL/kg/day) for 45 days.
The results showed that the thyroid hormones concentrations were increased in the serum of hyperlipidemic and hypothyroid rats with fish oil treatment as compared to control rats. Additionally, the leptin concentration showed significant decrease by fish oil administration in the hyperlipidemic and hypothyroidemic rats. In addition, fish oil treatment lowered level of the total cholesterol (TC), low denisty lipoprotein (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG), very low denisty lipoprotein (VLDL-C) and atherogenic index, but, elevated the high denisty lipoprotein (HDL-C) in the serum of treated hyperlipidemic rats as compared to control rats. On the other hand, fish oil administration decreased levels of total lipids and atherogenic index only, whereas, high denisty lipoprotein (HDL-C) was elevated in the serum of treated hypothyroid rats. The activities of the cardiac enzymes Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK) were decreased by fish oil treatment. Moreover, fish oil treatment improved the non-enzymatic antioxidant (MAD & GSH) and the enzymatic antioxidant (GST & CAT) in both treated groups. The liver function affected by hyperlipidemia and improved by fish oil administration, but, it was not affected by hypothyroidism. Serum creatinine and uric acid were increase while urea was not changed significantly in both the hyperlipidemic and hypothyroid groups. Finally, the fish oil administration improved the kidney function parameters in both groups.
Conclusion: All the above results confirmed the benefit effect of the fish oil on hyperlipidemia and hypothyroidism in albino rats due to the presence of omega-3 fatty acids which have hypolipidemic, antioxidant and hyperthyroid effects. Additionally, there is a positive relationship between the hyperlipidemia and hypothyroidism.
Keywords – Omega 3 fatty acids, Eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, fish oil, hyperlipidemia and hypothyroidism.