الفهرس 
Introduction and Review of LiteratureOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
periodontitis is a chronic multi-factorial disease that involves bacterial infection-induced inflammatory condition affecting gingival and tooth-supporting structures including bone. Several proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, responsible for tissue destruction are secreted in GCF, it possess a great potential for serving as diagnostic or prognostic markers of the periodontal health, disease and healing after therapy. The collection of GCF is a relatively simple, noninvasive, and site specific procedure.
DM is a significant risk factor for the development of periodontal disease. It has been associated with altered collagen metabolism. It also induces changes in immune cell function producing an inflammatory immune cell phenotype. Eventually, this predisposes to chronic inflammation, progressive tissue breakdown, and diminished tissue repair capacity.
MMPs are key proteolytic enzymes for periodontal tissue destruction. MMP-8 is catalytically the most competent proteinase to initiate type I collagen and ECM degradation associated with CP. It has been suggested as a promising marker of active periodontal disease, since it is known to exist in elevated amounts and in active form in GCF of progressing periodontitis.
The present study aimed to assess the level of MMP-8 in the GCF in systemically healthy chronic periodontitis patients compared to type-2 diabetic chronic periodontitis patients and to evaluate the effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy on the GCF level of MMP-8 in those patients.
Forty subjects were included in this study. They were divided into three groups; group I included fifteen systemically healthy chronic periodontitis patients, group II included fifteen type-2 diabetic chronic periodontitis patients while group III included ten healthy controls.
Moreover, clinical parameters including; PI, GI, PPD and CAL were recorded at baseline and at three months after non surgical periodontal therapy. GCF samples were collected from all groups at baseline and three months after non surgical periodontal therapy. The level of MMP-8 in GCF was detected using Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA).
The results of the present study revealed that pre-operatively, there was no statistically significant difference between the mean of the four clinical parameters (PI, GI, PPD, CAL) between non diabetic and diabetic chronic periodontitis group. Three months following non surgical periodontal therapy, there was a statistically significant decrease in the mean of these four clinical parameters in both groups. There was a statistically significant difference in the mean CAL between the control group and the other two groups at baseline.
Similarly, there was a statistically significant difference between the three groups regarding mean MMP-8 level pre-operatively, showed the highest mean MMP-8 level (142.5±79.3), The mean MMP-8 level in GCF was found to be highest in diabetic chronic periodontitis group (142.5± 79.3 ng/ml). The mean MMP-8 level in non diabetic chronic periodontitis group was (89±43.1 ng/ml) while in control group it was (51.4±29.4 ng/ml). After three months, there was a statistically significant decrease in the mean MMP-8 level in both groups compared to baseline. On comparing the mean MMP-8 level in GCF between diabetic (79.1±31.5) and non diabetc (47.2±17.5) chronic periodontits groups significant difference was reported.