الفهرس | Only 14 pages are availabe for public view |
Abstract Diabetic macular edema (DME) is the most common cause of vision loss in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. characterized by various findings like exudate, hemorrhage and edema due to altered microcirculation of the macula. Edema results from the accumulation of fluid in retina due to focal or diffuse leakage. Various systemic factors have been associated with increased incidence of DME like severity of diabetic retinopathy, poor glycemic control and duration of diabetes. Hypertension, proteinuria, dyslipidemia, uncontrolled renal parameters, and PRP for PDR (causing acute choroidal ischemia), have also been associated with increased risk of DME. Although all these factors are known to correlate with increased incidence of DME, very few studies have correlated the presence of uncontrolled systemic disease and biochemical parameters with increased incidence of NSD in DME. This study included 50 patients with untreated Diabetic macular edema 25 eyes of them had DME with NSD (group I) and the other 25 eyes had DME without NSD (group II). In this study we excluded the patients that had: 1. Media opacity as dense cataract. 2. Vitreal or preretinal hemorrhage. 3. Uveitis 4. Previous intra retinal or intra vitrial injection. 5. Previous laser photocoagulation |