الفهرس 
Abstract
Components of blood and functionsOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
A blood transfusion may be required for a variety of reasons,
include: anaemia, preoperative preparation, postoperatively if blood loss
is excessive, despite efforts made during surgery to prevent/minimize
blood loss, hemorrhage causing hypovolemia (as road traffic accident),
and blood diseases requiring transfusion of clotting factors or platelets.
However, transfusions have been associated with high rates of morbidity
and mortality in specific patient populations, including critically ill,
cardiac surgery and trauma patients, and there is increasing evidence for
independent relationships between RBC transfusion and infectious
complications, cardiac and respiratory morbidity, prolonged length of
stay (LOS) and mortality after cardiac surgery.
Aim of the study
Evaluate effect of blood transfusion precaution on patient’s
outcomes undergoing open heart surgery in Cardiothoracic ICU unit in
El-Minia University Hospital.
The study was conducted at the cardiothoracic ICU unit in Minia
University Hospital. The sample of the study was in the form of
convenient sample of 60 adult patients (male and female) divided equally
into two groups (control group and intervention group). The sample
included patients’ whom 1st post-operative hour after open heart surgery
in ICU, Maximum age 65 years, Patients attached to mechanical
ventilator with positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) 5. The current
study excluded all patients whom are admitted with chronic diseases as
Diabetes Mellitus (DM), Hypertension or chronic lung diseases and, any
patient with hemoglobin level less than 8 mg/dl in the immediate postoperative
period. Tools of the study
One tool designed and used by the researcher for collecting data for
this study
Part one (I): This covers the sociodemographic characteristics of
the studied groups (control group and study group) in table I- (1) which
shows the sociodemographic characteristics in regarding to age, sex,
marital status, and education. Table I- (2) which shows anthropometric
data weight, height and body mass index (BMI). Table I- (3) which shows
hospital and ICU stay. Table I- (4) which shows operation type.
Part two (II): Includes data about the distribution percentage of the
studied groups (control group and study group) in relation to their clinical
and assessment data in preoperative, 1st postoperative hour and 7th
postoperative day, in table II- (5) which show vital signs (body
temperature, pulse, respiratory rate, blood pressure and CVP). Table II-
(6) which show arterial blood gases (PH, PCO2, PaO2, HCO3 and SaO2.
Table II-(7) which show blood picture (Hb, RBCs, WBCs, Platelets count
and WBCs). Table II- (8) shows WBCs differential (Segmented
neutrophils, Monocytes, Lymphocytes and Eosinophils). Table II- (9)
shows INR, Prothrombin Time (PT), and Prothrombin Concentration
(PC). Table II- (10) shows renal function tests Blood urea nitrogen
(BUN), S. creatinine, Na+, and K++. Table II- (11) shows liver function
tests SGOT, SGPT, S. total protein, S. albumin, total bilirubin, and direct
bilirubin. Table II- (12) shows Comparison between study & control
groups as regards operation data includes duration of operation, time of
bypass, ischemic time, type of blood units, No. of blood units,
intravenous fluid amount. Table II- (13) assessment of wound postoperative
1st postoperative hour and 7th postoperative day of the studied
groups (control group and study group) includes wound discharge.