الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a major cause of death and disability affecting mostly young adult males and elderly people, and results in high economic costs to society. The mortality rate for severe TBI is about 30% and a significant disability persists in a further 35–40 %.
At an Emergency department, the diagnosis, treatment, and prediction of outcome in traumatic brain injury present significant challenges to the treating clinician.
It is obvious that the prognosis in head injury depends on the extent of primary injury and ongoing secondary brain injury. Therefore having a practical screening tool to predict short-term outcome could potentially play an important role identifying patients at high risk and in directing preventive attempts to enhance recovery in these patients. A modality has been of considerable interest is the assessment of certain brain specific biochemical markers in serum after TBI.
The aim of our study was to find a significant relation between clinical states of traumatic brain injury patients and all of CT findings and serum levels of Sodium, Potassium, Lactate dehydrogenase.
This study was conducted 30 adult patients admitted to Alexandria Main University Hospital with isolated traumatic brain injury meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were all stabilized, resuscitated using the universal A,B,C,D approach.
CT brain was done to all patients on admission.
GCS was measured and calculated on admission.
Serum Sodium, Potassium and LDH were withdrawn to all patients on admission.
Results:
• By relating the CT finding with GCS, there were a statistically significant relation between GCS and all of Brain odema, hemorrhagic contusion, SAH, and EDH with MLS. That illustrated that these finding were more related to severe GCS.
• As regards serum lactate levels, we found that there was elevation in lactate levels in all traumatic brain injury patients.
• Elevating Serum LDH levels was statistically significant with the severity of head injury as regarding GCS, with a negative correlation.
• Serum LDH levels were related to brain odema, hemorrhagic contusion, SAH and EDH with MLS.
• Regarding serum Sodium levels, 40% of the cases had normal Sodium levels and the rest (60%) were abnormal, but with mean and median of almost the same of normal references.
• Serum sodium levels were not related to severity of GCS.