الفهرس 
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Abstract
Nowadays the problems of pollution due to the huge advancement in technology and urbanization have become a public health concern and the available clean water has become a major global issue. Water pollution with diversity of the chemicals and other toxic pollutants involved in wide range of industrial activities negatively affects the quality of surrounding ecosystem and thereby our life is severely upset. With the rapid development of industries such as metal plating facilities, mining operations, fertilizer industries, tanneries, batteries, paper industries and pesticides, etc., heavy metals wastewater are directly or indirectly discharged into the environment increasingly, especially in developing countries. Unlike organic contaminants, heavy metals are not biodegradable and tend to accumulate in living organisms and many heavy metal ions are known to be toxic or carcinogenic (Fu et al., 2011) .The heavy metal ions are not only toxic to living organisms in water, but also cause harmful effects to land animals including humans through food chain transfers. In living organisms, heavy metal ions can particularly bind to nucleic acids, proteins, and small metabolites. The contaminated organic cells can be altered or miss their biological functions with losing the homeostatic control of essential metals, resulting in fatal health problems. Therefore, it is necessary to eliminate such hazardous heavy metal ions from wastewater before discharging it into the ecosystem (Song et al., 2011). Cadmium, chromium, copper, lead and nickel are the most common toxic heavy metal ions contained in industrial wastewater. The toxic effects of these metals in persons are as follows: cadmium associates with renal dysfunction and leads to lung disease; chromium can damage kidney, liver, as well as circulatory and nerve tissue; copper can cause anemia, liver damage, kidney damage, learning disabilities, high blood pressure and intestinal irritation; lead is harmful to the nervous system; nickel causes cancer of lungs, nose and bone (Wang et al., 2010). Therefore, it is highly necessary to remove such toxic heavy metals ions from wastewater before its disposal into the receiving water streams.