الفهرس 
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Abstract
Diabetes is one of the most common metabolic derangement worldwide and comprises a real threat on many people. The WHO stated that the number of diabetics will be 800 million patients on 2020.
Diabetic nephropathy is the most common and dangerous complication of diabetes.
Many studies investigated the effect of many genetic polymorphisms on the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy such as ACE gene polymorphism and apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism.
We investigated the effect of apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism in Egyptian individuals. Our study enrolled 135 individuals attending at Internal medicine outpatient clinic of Beni-Suef University Hospital that got subdivided into 3 distinct groups:
Diabetes group: included 45 patients with uncomplicated diabetes.
Diabetic nephropathy group: included 45 patients with diabetic nephropathy.
Control group: included 45 normal volunteers.
We found that; diabetic nephropathy group patients have exclusively E2 allele while E3 allele is present mainly in the control group and E4 allele is present equally in both control and diabetes groups.
So, we can consider that E2 allele is pathogenic for the development of diabetic nephropathy while E3 is a protective one in Egyptian people.