الفهرس 
Review of LiteratureOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma accounts for approximately 85 % of all renal malignancies (Jemal et al., 2012). In Egypt, renal cell carcinoma is accounting for 56.78% (Mohamed et al., 2013).
The incidence rates for clear cell renal cell carcinoma are rising steadily; which in turn represent a challenging tumor for physicians to manage, especially with its often unpredictable clinical course and outcome.
A various researches have been launched to identify RCC-associated biomarkers as CD133 and Ki-67 that can enhance patient outcome prediction and better facilitate the assignment of patients to stepped-up surveillance or adjuvant therapy.
The CSC is a malignant tumor propagating cell that displays properties attributed to normal SCs and the capacity to self-renew (Halldorsson et al., 2009; He et al., 2009).
CD133 is a member of the pentaspan transmembrane (5-TM) glycoprotein family and has been used as a cancer stem cell (CSC) marker.
The Ki-67 protein is a proliferative monoclonal antibody present only in cells that are within the cell cycle with varying intracellular location depending on the distinct phase of the cell cycle.
The aim of the present work is to study the expression of CD133 and Ki-67 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma, and to explain the relationship between their expression and clinicopathological data of the patients. Also, to analyse the correlation between the two markers.
The present study included fifty (50) cases chosen from the archive of histopathological laboratories of Minia University Hospital.
On studying the expression of CD133, we found a membranous expression that was widely expressed in tumor cells.
A significant associations were found between CD133 expression and different clinicopathological features including tumor stage (p<0.001) and nuclear grading (p=0.001). High CD133 expression in grades 1 and 2 and also stages 1 and 2, is associated with favorable prognosis. On the other hand no significant correlations with patient age (p=0.8), sex (p=0.4), tumor localization (p=0.4), regional lymph node metastasis (p= 0.2), perinephric fat invasion (p=0.6), lymphocytic infiltration (p=0.2) or tumor necrosis (p=0.5).