الفهرس 
EMBRYOLOGY OF THE GUTOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Intestinal atresia is a common cause of neonatal intestinal obstruction. Atresia involves complete obstruction of one segment or multiple segments of the intestine while stenosis is a narrowing or webbing of a segment of the intestine.
Multiple postulated etiologies abounded in intestinal atresia, some studies demonstrate the role of late intrauterine mesenteric vascular accidents as the likely cause of jejunoileal atresias. Fetal Thrombotic Vasculopathy and drugs as ergotamine and caffeine or pseudoephedrine are incriminated.
Some types of atresia have been described that they run in families.
The outcome of management of intestinal atresia in most developed countries has markedly improved over the past decades as prenatal diagnosis, early presentation, availability of neonatal parenteral nutrition and neonatal surgical intensive care services are the norm.
In many low and middle income countries, outcome has remained poor. Paucity of neonatal surgical intensive care unit facilities and late presentation in poorer countries have been the reported factors largely contributing to the disparity in mortality rate between developed counties and poor countries.
On our study we analyze the etiology, clinical presentation and outcome of neonatal intestinal atresia.
70 patients were enrolled on the study from multicentres, and data of demographics, antenatal history, presentation, location and type of IA (duodenal, jejuno-ileal, colonic), investigations, operation,and final outcome were collected.
from the ongoing study, we found that consanguinity and maternal diseases were associated with congenital anomalies. While no other factors had a strong correlation with atresia. Maternal polyhydraminous was a common presentation on prenatal ultrasound.
Bilious vomiting and abdominal distension were the commonest presentation and most of the babies were presented during the first week of life and most of them were SGA.
Associated Congenital anomalies were common with atresia cases especially in duodenal atresia as more than 50% of cases having an associated congenital anomalies and 33% of duodenal atresia cases were diagnosed as down syndrome
Plain x-ray was essential in the diagnosis of atresia, and surgeons depend mainly on it in correlation with the clinical presentation. In duodenal atresia when the initial radiograph demonstrates a true double bubble, the imaging workup is complete and patient can be prepared for elective surgery. Also a triple -bubble sign was suggestive for jejunoileal atresia.
Operation for atresia depend on the site of atresia, and leakage was the commenst cause for secondary operation.
And finally we found that, delayed presentation, neonatal sepsis, associated congenital anomalies and prematurity affect the outcome of the patients. Neonatal sepsis was the commenst cause of death.