الفهرس 
1.INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Medicinal and aromatic plants cultivate in the world and recently in Egypt
increased the cultivated areas of it, as worldwide and local demand increasing for
medicinal and aromatic plants and herbs. In Egypt the total cultivated area for
medicinal and aromatic plants about 42092 feddan.
Chamomile is one of major aromatic plants in Egypt. The total cultivated
area for chamomile and rosemary plants about 11000, 3 feddan with total
production of is 9642, 3 ton, as it is illustrate the areas cultivated with aromatic and
medical plants in the last decade according to the reports of the Agricultural
economics and statistics. Ministry of Agricultural, Egypt (2014).
The main objective of the present work was to study and evaluate the use of
microwave system for drying Chamomile and rosemary plants as a new approach
for decreasing the drying time and enhancing quality.
Based on the detailed analytical and experimental results executed during
this research work, the following conclusion may be drawn:
1- The reduction in moisture ratio of Chamomile and rosemary plants were
varied with the experimental treatments and it was increased with the
increases of microwave, and load.
2- The drying constants (k˪) of Lewis model and drying constant (kh, A) of
Henderson and Pabis model increased with the increases of microwave
power drying and the decreases load.
3- A direct linear relationship was obtained between the drying constant of
Lewis model (k˪) and the studied parameters (microwave power and load).
The same trend was found model (kh, A) and studied parameters.
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SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
4- The results showed that the highest time took in drying Chamomile by using
the microwave was when the power level of 450 Watts and loading 4.5
kg/m². where the total time to dry the Chamomile plants of the initial
moisture content 354.54 % on a dry basis to moisture for safe storage
content when drying various microwave power (450, 720 and 900
W)spectrum took the following times 30, 20 and 14 minutes, respectively.
At the loading 4.5 kg/m² 16, 14 and 8 minutes, respectively. At the loading
3.0 kg/m² 12, 8 and 6 minutes at the loading 1.5 kg/m².
5- Average drying rates of Chamomile in the period rate of the total drying time
at different microwave energies (900, 720, and 450 Watt) were 43.33,
29.09, and 26.72 (%) At the loading 4.5 kg/m², 55.04, 44.25 and 30.34 (%)
At the loading 3.0 kg/m², 59.54, 49.27, and 44 at the loading 1.5 kg/m².
6- The highest microwave drying efficiency of Chamomile was 29.84% at the
load of 4.5 kg/m², and 900Watts, and the lowest efficiency of 10.65% at
the load of 1.5 kg/m² with 450 Watts.
7- The highest percent of volatile oil was recorded at microwave power 900
Watts, it was 0.5% at the load of 3.0 kg/m², the lowest percentage was
found to be 0.08 % for leaves at the load of 4.5 kg/m² with 450 Watts.
8- The highest percent of compound oil Chamomile was recorded at microwave
power 900 Watts, Bisabolo oxide A was 56.25% at the load of 3.0 kg/m²,
and it is important compounds.
9- The drying constants of Lewis model (k`˪) and Henderson and Pabis (k`h)
were found to be directly proportional to microwave power and load.
10- The results showed that the highest time took in drying Rosemary by using
the microwave was when the power level of 450 Watts and loading 4.5
kg/m². where the total time to dry the Rosemary plants of the initial
moisture content 185.71% on a dry basis to moisture for safe storage
content when drying various microwave power (450, 720 and 900 watt)
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SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
spectrum took the following times 24, 16 and 12 minutes, respectively. At
the loading 4.5 kg/m² 16, 10 and 8 minutes, respectively. At the loading
3.0 kg/m² 6, 8 and 12 minutes at the loading 1.5 kg/m².
11- Average drying rates of Rosemary in the period rate of the total drying time
at different microwave energies (900, 720, and 450 Watt) were 21.53,
15.21, and 14.94 (%) At the loading 4.5 kg/m², 27.92, 26.04, and 17.64
(%) At the loading 3.0 kg/m², 54.54, 40.65, and 29.07 at the loading 1.5
kg/m².
12- The highest microwave drying efficiency of rosemary was 31.48% at the
load of 4.5 kg/m², and 900Watts, and the lowest efficiency of 9.89% at the
load of 1.5 kg/m² with 900 Watts.
13- The highest percent of volatile oil was recorded at microwave power 720
Watts, it was 0.56% at the load of 3.0 kg/m², the lowest percentage was
found to be 0.12 % for leaves at the load of 4.5 kg/m² with 450 Watts.
14- The highest percent of compound oil rosemary was recorded at microwave
power 720 Watts, Camphor was 55.01% at the load of 3 kg/m², and it is
important compounds.