الفهرس 
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Abstract
Summary
B.hominis is a unicellular organism found commonly in the intestinal tract of humans and many other animals. Very little is known about its basic biology, and controversy surrounds its taxonomy and pathogenicity. Its morphological forms vacuolar, granular and amoeboid have been recognized, but recent studies have revealed several additional forms as cyst, avacuolar and multivacuolar. Several life cycles have been proposed but not experimentally validated. Infections with the organism are worldwide and appear in both immunocompetent and immunodefecient individuals. B.hominis is diagnosed by light microscopy of fresh or preserved samples.
The present work aimed to compare between different diagnostic techniques in detecting B.hominis in stools of gastrointestinal symptomatic patients attending Beni Suief University Hospital. It was performed on ninety patients were attending the out-clinics of both pediatric and tropical medicine departments. The 90 patients were divided to three groups each includes 30 patients. The groups were divided according to their age.
Different diagnostic techniques were used for detection of B.hominis in stool specimens. The samples were examined by direct microscopy using saline and iodine wet mounts as direct smear. In-vitro cultivation of fresh stool samples was conducted using Jones’ medium. Also concentration technique using formalin ether sedimentation method was used. Permanent staining techniques were conducted using: modified trichrome, Giemsa, modified safranin and modified Ziehl Neelsen stains. The present work showed the following results:
• Among the ninety patients who recruited into the present study, B.hominis was found in stools of 39 individuals (43.33%).
• The gastrointestinal manifestations varied between the 39 blastocystosis patients. The main complain was mild to severe watery diarrhoea in 22 cases (56.41%), abdominal pain in 10 cases (25.64%), flatulence in four cases (10.25%) and to lesser extent fever in three cases (7.69%).
• It was found that the highest rate of infection occurred in patients living in rural areas, they were 25 cases (27.78%). While infected patients from urban areas were 14 cases (15.56%).
• The relation between B.hominis infected cases and the close contact to animals showed that out of the positive patients living in rural areas, 21 cases (53.85%) were in close contact with animals. While out of the positive patients living in urban areas six cases (15.38%) were in close contact with animals.
• The highest rate of infection occurred in the age group 5- 20 years old, they were 16 cases (17.78%).
• As regards the relation between infected immunosuppressed cases with B.hominis and those infected only by the parasite it was found that 15 cases out of the 39 positive patients (38.46%) were immunosuppressed among different age groups.
• It was found that out of the 39 positive patients, 10 had B.hominis alone in their stools, while the remaining 29 (74.36%) had it with other intestinal parasites. Giardia lamblia was the parasite most frequently associated with B.hominis and was found in 12 cases (30.77%).
• It was found that the direct simple smear detected 15 positive cases (16.67%). In-vitro cultivation using Jones’ medium detected 39 positive cases (43.33%) which was the highest number among all different diagnostic methods. While formol ether concentration method detected 25 positive cases (27.78%). As regards detection of B.hominis using different stains, both modified trichrome stain and Giemsa stain gave the highest results, each of them detected 32 positive cases (35.56%). It was followed by modified safranin stain which detected 28 positive cases (31.11%) and the least was modified Ziehl Neelsen stain which detected 26 positive cases only (28.89%).