الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common female malignancy accounting for 22.9% and 37.7% of all female cancers worldwide and in Egypt, respectively. BC in Egypt carries an unfavorable prognosis with 29% mortality.
Women (as well as men) with a family history of breast cancer, especially in a first-degree relative (mother, sister, daughter, father, or brother), are at increased risk of developing the disease.
The risk is associated with varying degrees of breast cancer history among first-degree relatives. Compared with women reporting no such family history of breast cancer, women with one, two, and three or more affected first-degree relatives had relative risks of 1.80, 2.93 and 3.90, respectively.
The goal of the present study was to improve the prognosis of breast cancer in Egypt. This was achieved through identification of breast cancer cases attending oncology outpatient clinics in Menoufia University Hospital, assessment of the frequency of breast cancer among families of the studied cases and estimation of the sensitivity and specificity of clinical breast examination and mammography in breast cancer screening.
This study was carried out on 150 breast cancer patients attending oncology outpatient clinics, Menoufia University Hospital and 150 from their first and second degree relatives. Data was collected through questionnaire applied for both cases and relatives consisted of 2 parts (socio-demographic and breast screening questionnaire), measuring weight and height for cases and relatives, for relatives only (clinical breast examination, sono-mammography for those aged ≥ 40 years old and for those had positive clinical findings in breast clinical examination suspicious for malignancy finally breast biopsy was done for subjects with mammography results suspicious for malignancy according to BIRADS classification).
Among 150 studied breast cancer cases 28 (18.7%) had a positive family history of the disease.
There is statistical significant difference between familial and sporadic breast cancer cases as regard age at diagnosis and menopausal status as the age of diagnosis appears to be earlier in patients of FBC group. Also,
percentage of FBC cases was significantly more prevalent among premenopausal females.
Bilateral and triple negative BC was significantly more prevalent among familial than sporadic breast cancer cases.
Breast feeding practice was significantly more prevalent among familial than sporadic breast cancer cases, while hormonal contraceptive use significantly more prevalent among sporadic breast cancer cases.
This study shows that the frequency of breast cancer among screened relatives of the studied breast cancer cases is 4.67%. And the percentage of females with breast complaint (breast lump) was significantly higher among the group with malignant breast lesions