الفهرس 
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Abstract
Summary
Fourteen completely edentulous patients were selected from the outpatient clinic, Prosthodontic department, Faculty of Dentistry Ain Shams University to participate in this study. Patients were precisely selected and thoroughly examined in an attempt to reduce human variables and eliminate any factor that might adversely affect the results of this study.
Patients were rehabilitated by mucosa supported maxillary complete denture and implant retained mandibular overdenture. Standard clinical and laboratory techniques were followed for denture construction for all patients. Patients participating in this study were evaluated by cone beam computed tomography then randomly classified into two equal groups according to the position and diameter of implants used into;
group I: Patients were rehabilitated by implant retained mandibular overdentures by 4 mini dental implants installed in the interforaminal area.
group II: Patients were rehabilitated by implant retained mandibular overdenture by 2 mini dental implants installed in the lateral incisor/canine area and 2 short implants installed posterior in the first molar area.
Surgical installation of the implant was performed under strict aseptic conditions then early loading protocol for patients of groupI and delayed loading for patients of group II was followed.
Patients were recalled frequently for post-insertion inspection and adjustments. Follow-up visits were scheduled at time of denture insertion, six, nine and twelve month for inspection of the prosthesis and radiographic evaluation of the peri-implant bone height change. Marginal bone height changes around the implants were evaluated using the linear measurement system supplied by the cone beam computed tomography.
Statistical analysis of the results showed that there was a significant increase in marginal bone height loss in the implants supporting structures in both groups during the one year follow up period. However, group II showed less bone resorption from insertion to the end of the follow up period in comparison to group II.
Results obtained from this study showed that:
Mini implant supported mandibular overdenture is a reliable treatment modality over the one year observation period.
The use of wide diameter implants tolerate occlusal forces and decrease the stresses transmitted to the cortical periimplant areas in the posterior mandible.