الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Libya is a part of the arid and semi-arid area of the Middle East and North Africa. The climate of the region is affected by Mediterranean depressions in the winter season because of its geographical location. Most of the precipitation falls as showers that produced from clouds, which moves along the coastal line (about 1800 km long). The average rainfall records ranged between 200 and 500 mm in these areas (north of Libya). The maximum rainfall recorded in the regions of the Green Mountain, are 850 mm/year at Shahat, 750 mm/year at Jabal Nafusah areas ”Western Highlands″, and 200 mm/year at Sirte. It is certain that these rains, if optimally exploited, will be enough to build a prestigious economic future for wider areas along the coast. In this research, the Watershed Modeling System (WMS-8.1) was applied to simulate the surface runoff in the wadies in North-East Libya. Including Wadi AL-Kouf, this is located in the Green Mountain, Wadi Al-Quattarah east of Benghazi, Wadi Binjwad east of Sirte and wadi Jarif west of Sirte. The statistical analysis of data from 1954 to 2010 is carried out for three stations in the study area using maximum daily rainfall depth for all stations. Kimball′s method that gives the maximum rainfall depth (mm) versus return period (5-100) years was applied. The measured run-off data from stations Saleh, AL-Ghreqah and Sudan were used for determination of calibration parameters of Al-Kouf basin, using rainstorms from 1981 to 1983.The resulted hydrograph at stations successfully simulated different rainfall storms. The model used in this study provides a viable tool to assess and predict the availability of water resources under future challenges imposed by proposed dams at wadi Al-Kouf and existing dams constructed in wadi AL-Quattarah, wadi Binjawad and wadi Jarif. The stored rainfall water upstream suggested dams could be used for different purposes such as drinking water supply, irrigation and recharging groundwater. The best sites for dams on the main Wadi AL-Kouf was found to be at the outlets of sub-basins. The estimated total water volume stored by eight proposed dams at Wadi AL-Kouf was found to be 38.72 M m3. The water storage capacity of existing dams at Wadi AL-Qattarah, Wadi Binjwad and Wadi Jarif were evaluated. The actual reservoir capacity of these dams was found to be adequate enough for the amount of water produced by the hydrological simulation results obtained by the 100 year storms. This approach could be applied in other Libyan watersheds for planning of various conservation measures. Therefore, we should apply distributed hydrological model on northern Libyan wadies to increase results accuracy, and Study the effect of climate change phenomenon on future storm predicted flows.