الفهرس 
Aim of the WorkOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 142 |  |  |
| | | from | 142 | | |
Abstract
Female pattern hair loss (FPHL) is characterized by a reduction in hair density over the crown and frontal scalp with retention of the frontal hairline.
It is a common cause of hair loss in women characterized by diffuse reduction in hair density over the crown and frontal scalp with retention of the frontal hairline . There is a progressive reduction in the average duration of the anagen phase (the growth period) at each hair cycle and, for this reason, the hair follicles become progressively smaller and the hair shorter and thinner. There is also an increase of the physiologic kenogen interval (period between the loss of the hair in telegon and its replacement with new hair), causing empty follicles.
The pathogenesis of this disease is polygenic, and in men is particularly related to dihydrotestosterone (DHT).The concentration of DHT levels and 5a-reductase activity is increased on balding areas of the scalp in these patients. In women, the term female pattern hair loss (FPHL)is the preferred appellation, because not all women with this condition present a clear genetic and androgenic trait. The diagnosis of FPHL is usually made clinically based on the appearance of the scalp. Biopsies are reserved only for situations when the diagnosis is uncertain .A large numbers of treatment modalities currently exist in the market, including topical products, supplements, low-level laser therapy, and hair transplantation, but the results are mixed and for the most part, have not been studied rigorously. Hair transplantation and low –level laser light are the other options available with varied treatment efficacy and only recommended for patients whose medication regimen has failed.
IGF-1 is produced throughout life. The highest rates of IGF-1 production occur during the pubertal growth spurt. The lowest levels occur in infancy and old age.
IGF-I is a potent mitogen supporting cell growth and survival. It also plays a role in some differentiation processes. Insulin –like growth factor-1 is a physiologic regulator of hair growth cycle. IGF-1 helps maintain anagen stage. In hair organ culture, IGF-1 can prevent hair follicles from entering into a catagen-like state. Furthermore, it was shown to affect hair morphogenesis. The insulin like growth factor -I receptor is a tyrosine kinase receptor, which is able to form heterodimers with insulin receptor (IR).
Insulin-like growth factor binding proteins comprise a family of six related peptides that compete with IGF receptors for binding. They can affect cell growth, differentiation and survival by either IGF-dependent or IGF-independent effects.
In addition, some hair loss treatments may exert their therapeutic effects via IGF-1.Theoretically; treatments that can stimulate the secretion of IGF-1 may slow hair loss.
This case control study was carried out on twenty female subjects with androgenetic alopecia recruited from the Dermatology Outpatient Clinic at Menoufia University Hospital and ten age & sex matched healthy subjects with no androgenetic alopecia as a control. They were divided into two groups (GI and GII) according to presence of Androgenetic Alopecia. All patients were subjected to detailed history taking and clinical examination. We aimed to determine the role of IGF-1R in female AGA through its immunohistochemical expression.
Age of patients in GI (patients with AGA) ranged from 27-50ys with mean ± SD of 38.55 ± 6.69 and the median for the age is 38.5.