الفهرس 
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Abstract
This study was conducted as an in-vitro study for the assessment and comparison of the effect of propolis and calcium hydroxide as an intracanal medications on the bond strength and sealing ability of both resin based and calcium silicate based sealers in human extracted single rooted teeth.
Fifty-six extracted human single rooted teeth with straight roots and well-developed apical foramen were included in this study. The teeth were de-coronated and the length was standardized at 14mm. Protaper universal system was used to prepare the roots till size F5 as a master apical file. The roots were divided randomly into two equal groups according to the intracanal .