الفهرس 
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Abstract
Summary
The advantages of immediate implant includes shortening of treatment time, avoidance of the second surgical intervention and reducing post extraction alveolar bone resorption .However, due to the mismatch of the diameter between the implant and extraction socket a gap develops ; hence , different types and forms of bone grafts have been used to fill this space to prevent the process of bone resorption but recently bone modulating materials such as statins showed amazing results in bone regeneration and bone augmentation procedure .
The aim of this randomized clinical study was to evaluate the effect of topically delivered statins and nano crystalline bone grafts on dental implants placed into fresh extraction sockets clinically , radiographically using CBCT and biochemically with IL-13 .
The patients were divided into four equal groups :
Control group (A) in which no filling material was used in the gap distance . However , in group (B) nanocrystalline calcium sulfate was used to fill the gap distance .
For group (C) nano-crystalline calcium sulfate plus 1.2 % of simvastatin gel was used to fill the gap distance .
For group (D) sufficient amount of 1.2 % simvastatin gel was used to fill the gap distance around the implants.
For all groups at baseline and after 6 months following implant placements CBCT was performed to evaluate and compare thickness of the labial bony plate,in addition to the clinical and biochemical evaluation.Data was collected and statistically analyzed (P˂0.05) .
After 6 months the results of this study suggested that reductions in the labial bone thickness at T0,T1,T2 were significantly lower in group B and C compared to the other groups . However, records obtained at T3 revealed no statistically significant difference between the groups .
The biochemical analysis revealed statistically significant increase in the level of IL-13 in PISF of all groups at all time intervals . On the other hand there was statistically significant difference between the control group and group B and C .
Papillary bleeding index (PBI) in all groups recorded regression in the PBI readings from baseline to 3 months with no statistically significant difference between groups .
However , there was a significant decrease in gingival index (GI) and probing depth (PD) in group C and D compared to the other groups .
It is recommended that further studies should be carried out to evaluate the effect of the initial labial bone thickness on the amount of bone loss and to analyse different dosages of simvastatins .