الفهرس 
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Abstract
The present work was done to show the potential myotoxicity of rosuvastatin and whether these effects are reversible or not.
Fourty six male albino rats were used in this study. Animals were randomly divided into five groups:-
-group I :-( Control group)
Consisted of six rats received sterile water daily for 8 weeks then the gastrocnemius was dissected
-group II: - Consisted of ten rats received rosuvastatin daily for 8 weeks then the gastrocnemius muscle was dissected.
-group III: - Consisted of ten rats received rosuvastatin daily for 8 weeks and stopped for 2 weeks then the gastrocnemius muscle was dissected.
-group IV:- Consisted of ten rats received rosuvastatin daily for 8 weeks and stopped for 4 weeks then the gastrocnemius was dissected.
-group V: - Consisted of ten rats. Received rosuvastatin daily for 8 weeks and stopped for 6 weeks then the gastrocnemius was dissected.
At the end of the experiment, all animals were sacrificed, the gastrocnemius muscle of the right limb was excised, processed and stained with Hx&E. Immune histochemical study was also done using anti-actin antibody.
Our results showed that in-groups II&III there were loss of striation in many muscle fibers with variation in the fibers size and Pale acidophilic fibers indicating degeneration. Sarcoplasmic fragmentation was observed in many fibers with sarcolemmal membrane rupture. Fiber splitting was also noticed. Many myofibrils appeared wavy. Others appeared with pale acidophilic sarcoplasm. Inflammatory cellular infiltration was present through the endomysium. Chains of fibroblasts were noticed between muscle fibers. The nuclei were centrally located in some muscle fiber. Satellite cells were present between basal lamina and sarcolemma. Vascular congestion was also noticed. These findings indicate the presence of degenerative changes that may lead to myopathy.
Examination of sections stained with caspase 3 immuno-histo-chemiacl stain showed that there was positive cytoplasmic and nuclear expression in most of the muscle fibers indicating necrosis.
On the other hand, in-groups IV&V signs of regeneration were encountered in the form of apparent striations many fibers. Some fibers appeared basophilic while other few fibers showed sacroplasmic fragmentation and splitting. Inflammatory cellular infiltration of fibers was observed. Chains of fibroblasts were also encountered in endomysium. The nuclei of some muscle fibers appeared multiple and central instead of their peripheral position. Vascular congestion was also noticed. More satellite cells were present between basal lamina and sarcolemma.
Caspase 3 immunohistochemical staining of skeletal muscle tissue showed negative immune-reactivity in most of the muscle fibers while few fibers showed positive immunoreactivity.
Therefore, rosuvastatin had deleterious effect on the gastrocnemius muscle of male albino rats. Muscular adverse effects of rosuvastatin are the most commonly reported adverse effects of statins. These range from muscle weakness, fatigue, pain, to rhabdomyolysis
On the other hand, after discontinuation of the drug there was partial recovery of muscle tissue.