الفهرس 
Introduction and aim of the workOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
In this study, we attempt to relationship between sICAM-1 (intercellular adhesion molecule-1) and diabetic nephropathy as an important marker in inflammation, immune responses and in intracellular signalling events. we determined plasma concentration of ICAM-l, serum malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), Serum nitric oxide (NO) as a marker for endothelial activation among type- 2 diabetic patients with or without nephropathy and oxidative stress as a marker (as tool in early diagnosis of nephropathy as major diabetic complications) also to explore the relationship between plasma level of ICAM-l and insulin resistance in the studied patients. This study carried out on 100 male individuals. Their age ranged from 25- 60 years. They were classified as follows:
Control group: 30 apparently healthy adult males
Patients groups: 70 patients suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus, Patients were subdivided into two groups
group I: 35 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with normal albuminuria without complications.
group II: 35 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with nephropathy.
This study has found a strong relationship between sICAM-1 (intercellular adhesion molecule-1) and diabetic nephropathy. It has been shown that inflammation has a role in the development of diabetic nephropathy, so sICAM-1 may play a role in the development of diabetic nephropathy. Also, we focused on metabolic severity of nephropathy according to degree of protein present in urine, and the study was added an explanation that with worsen diabetic control, probability of nephropathy increases and associated also with increased albumin excretion rate; these results clarified that increase microalbuminuria; is a sign of diabetic nephropathy. Our results also, show strong direct correlation between ICAM-1 and insulin resistance which supports the conclusion that insulin resistance may be a factor contributing to the increase plasma levels of adhesion molecules. In accordance to our results the metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes are associated with endothelial activation, but the mechanisms that underlie these associations are not fully understood.
CONCLUSION
These studies performed on Egyptian patients and these findings suggest that inflammation and endothelial dysfunction play important roles in progressing nephropathy and that soluble ICAM-1 may be a potential early biomarker that would allow for risk stratification of patients. the strong correlation between ICAM-1 and microalbuminuria show that there is relationship between ICAM-1 as a marker of inflammation and diabetic complication and these findings may have clinical implications through the use of agents acting on ICAM-1 level for the reduction of albuminuria and the prevention of diabetic nephropathy. from the association between homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance and ICAM-1 in type 2 diabetes we found strong correlation between insulin resistance and endothelial activation, these finding suggest that measures of inflammatory status by ICAM-1 levels may be useful as clinical indicators of the metabolic syndrome.