الفهرس 
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Abstract
Summary
Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a group of diffuse parenchymal lung disorders associated with substantial morbidity and mortality characterized by inflammation and fibrosis of the interstitium. Worsening hypoxia and respiratory failure may develop with disease progression.
Chest radiography and computed tomography (CT) typically show wide spread nodular and/or fine linear (‘reticular’) shadowing, at a later stage, fibrotic distortion and sometimes ‘honeycombing’ of the lungs. Pulmonary function testing shows a ‘restrictive’ (and, much less often, an ‘obstructive’) ventilatory defect and hypoxemia (low blood oxygen), which is particularly seen during exercise. Diagnosis is often made using a combination of the clinical, pathophysiological, immunological and imaging (especially CT) features.
Carbohydrate antigen 15-3, or CA15-3, is an epitope of a large transmembrane glycoprotein named MUC1 that is derived from the MUC1 gene. The MUC1 protein, also known as polymorphic epithelial mucin or epithelial membrane antigen. It has a large extracellular region, a transmembrane sequence, and a cytosolic domain. This protein is frequently over expressed and aberrantly glycosylated on its extracellular region in breast cancer.
Numerous studies indeed have demonstrated a strong positive correlation between a rise in CA15-3 and ILD, such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, different idiopathic interstitial pneumonias and ILD associated with collagen diseases. In these patients, CA15-3 levels up to 300 U/mL were detected.
Elevated CA15-3 serum levels have been previously reported in interstitial lung disease associated with collagen diseases, such as dermatomyositis (DM) and polymyositis (PM); in patients without evidence of breast cancer these observations raise the possibility that serum CA15-3 levels may represent a marker of pulmonary fibrosis and progression of disease.
Lab values may vary depending on the lab, but a normal CA15-3 level is usually considered to be 30 U/mL or less.
The aim of this study:-
To evaluate value of CA15-3 as a biomarker in patients with interstitial lung disease.
To evaluate correlation between CA15-3 level , radiological findings in HRCT and pulmonary function in patients with ILDs
In the present study which was conducted on 60 patients and 20 healthy control subjects.
The patients are classified in to 3 groups
group I ground glass.
group II reticulation Predominant.
group III honey combing predominant.
For all, assessment were done including history taking, physical examination, pulmonary function, HRCT, collagen markers ,serum CA15-3 measuring.
There was significant increase in CA15-3 level among ILD patients compared with healthy control.
CA15-3 level in reticulation and honey combing groups was significantly higher than ground glass group.
There was significant negative correlation between CA15-3 level and FVC in the different 3 groups supporting the fact that when pulmonary function worsens CA15-3 increases.