الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 109 |  |  |
| | | from | 109 | | |
Abstract
Urinary incontinence is the involuntary passage of urine. More than 13 million people in the United State –male and female, young and old experience incontinence. It is often temporary, and it always result from an underlying medical condition.
Incontinence in women usually occur because of problems with muscle that help to hold 0r release urine. It is categorized into four types- stress, urge, mixed and overflow-although most patients present with the mixed type.
Urinary incontinence can cause certain local complications, such as skin rash and skin infection. However, the social and psychological damage inflicted by UI are more important, such as voluntary isolation, reduced self-esteem, depression, adverse effect on sexual relation and tension within the family.
The present study was designed to determine the prevalence,risk factors and impact of urinary incontinence upon health related quality of life of women in the age group 35 and over attending the gynecological outpatient clinic of El-Shatby Maternity Hospital.
Data was collected from a sample of 100 women. The following methods and tools were used for collection of data:
I- A structured interview questionnaire was designed to collect data regarding:
1. Socio-demographic data.
2. Reproductive data.
3. Medical and surgical history.
II- Clinical examination including:
1. Inspection of the genital area and vagina.
2. Pelvic examination.
III- Anthropometric measurements:
Including measuring weight and hight and estimation of body mass index (BMI).
IV- Quality of life tool to assess the quality of life of women with urinary incontienence.
The results obtained are summarized as follows:
I- characteristic of the sample and Prevalence of UI:
The mean age of the studied women was 45.59+5.51 years. Regarding work, about two third of the sampled women (69.0) were not working, and about half of the sampled women were of low socio-economic level.
About three quarters of the sampled women were multiparas . Regarding history of last pregnancy, hospital delivery was preferred, as 63.0% 0f the sampled women had their last delivery at hospitals, and specialists attended 63.0% of these deliveries. 75.0% of the sampled women had normal vaginal delivery as an outcome to their last pregnancy.
Nearly one-third of the sampled women (38.0%) were post menopausal, while half of the sample (56.0%) had regular menstruation. Regarding postmenopausal women (79.5%) had natural menopause. The majority of sampled women were not on hormonal replacement therapy.
More than one-half of the sampled women were obese (BMI>30). Pelvic examination revealed that less than one half of the sampled women (38.0%) had vaginal discharge, uterin