الفهرس 
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Abstract
Evidence-based practice (EBP) and research utilization (RU) are interrelated concepts that pertain to the identification, utilization and application of knowledge from research sources to clinical practice. Research utilization in nursing practice is of concern due to disparity between the availability of research evidence and its use in practice. Understanding the facilitators and barriers to research use would faster the implementation of research utilization among nurses.
The study was aimed at investigating the facilitators and barriers for research utilization among bachelor nurses at Ain-Shams University Hospitals. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at all five Ain-Shams University Hospitals. The subjects consisted of all bachelor nurses working in these hospitals with at least one year experience. Their number was 95 after excluding 11 nurses for the pilot study. A self-administered questionnaire including a scale for the facilitators and barriers to use research in practice was used in data collection. It was reviewed by experts and finalized after pilot-testing. The fieldwork lasted from September to November 2016.
The main study results were as following:
Most nurses (92.6%) were females, with median age 34.0 years, and median experience 10.5 years, having a managerial position (72.3%).
Only 6.4% of the nurses were often using RU information, and 8.5% were using it regularly.
The internet was the most commonly used source of information (50.0%).
The frequency of use of various sources of information was low, and more than half of the nurses had never used any. Guidelines seem to be the most frequently used.
The majority (79.8%) of the nurses never performed the activity of application of research findings.
The most available source of information were experts, while printed materials were the least available (3.2%).
The availability/ accessibility of research reports was highly perceived among nurses as a communication facilitator (80.9%).
The availability of time for implementing research findings, and the awareness of nurses regarding RU had the highest perception as organization facilitators (85.1%).
Conversely, only 51.1% perceived having more employees/ sufficient staff as an organization facilitator.
In total, 80.9% of the nurses had high perception of the total facilitators.
Concerning nurses’ perception of RU barriers, the highest was upon organization (83.0%) while the lowest (50.0%) was upon innovative (research) barriers.
Overall, 73.4% had total perception of RU barriers.
Significantly more nurses with high perception of adopter barriers were among those older in age, females, working in nursing administration, and having attended training in patient care.
The percentages of nurses with high perception of total barriers were significantly higher among those having high perception of facilitators.
The percentages of nurses with high perception of total facilitators were significantly higher among those having high perception of organization, communication, and total barriers.
A significant positive correlation was shown between nurses’ scores of perception of total facilitators and barriers (r=0.371).
The total facilitators score had a small statistically significant positive correlation with the extent of availability of printed materials (r=0.255).
The multivariate analysis identified the attendance of training in patient care and the frequency of searching literature as the statistically significant independent positive predictors of the total score of perception of RU facilitators, while the postgraduate education was a negative predictor.
In conclusion, the nurses in the study settings have low utilization of various evidence-based sources of information, and many view these sources as insufficient or inaccessible. The majority have never applied research findings. Nurses’ perception of facilitators is higher than their perception of barriers, reflecting a tendency to a more positive attitude towards RU. The attendance of training courses seems to have a positive impact on nurses’ views of facilitators.
The study recommends that the hospital administration should foster the use of RU through boosting facilitators as increasing the availability/ accessibility of research reports, providing more time to nurses for research, creation of a hospital committee for EBP and research utilization, and establishment of research disseminating center to collect and disseminate the best research findings. It should reduce barriers through making workplace more adequate for implementation of RU, and solving high workload and staff shortage problems. The nursing management should improve nurses’ attitudes towards research utilization through training, and allocating a time for reading and research in each nurse’s work schedule. Further research is proposed to examine the impact of nurses’ implementation of RU on patients’ outcomes.