الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Newborns, both term, and preterm experience pain and have the right to receive safe, efficient, and effective pain relief. It is envisaged that nurse who learns about pain in the newborn will be empowered to provide interventions to ensure that neonates in NICU will receive adequate relief not only from procedural pain but also from chronic pain associated with ventilation and surgery. Several nonpharmacological interventions have been recommended as efficacious to manage acute neonatal pain in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) during minor procedures such as oral sucrose and/or pacifier, kangaroo care, and swaddling. This study aimed to assess the effect of educational program on pediatric nurses’ knowledge and practices regarding selected nonpharmacologic techniques to relieve pain in neonates. The present study answered two questions: Is there a relationship between the studied nurses’ personal characteristics and their knowledge and practices regarding selected nonpharmacologic techniques to relieve pain in neonates? Is there a relationship between the studied nurses’ knowledge and practices?
Pre\post quasi-experimental research design was utilized in the current study. Data were collected from neonatal intensive care unit at Minia University and General Hospital. The study was conducted on all available nurses (41). The required data were collected through the utilization of two tools developed by the researcher after revising extensive literature review, and then reviewed by a panel of five experts in the field of pediatric nursing specialty listed as the following: Tool I, a structured interview questionnaire sheet. This tool includes two parts. Part (1): Socio- demographic data to assess personal data of nurses includes sex and age of nurses, qualification, years of experience … etc. Part (2): Knowledge assessment sheet to assess nurses’ knowledge about pain, this part includes; Definition of pain, nurses’ perception of neonatal pain, Causes, Clinical manifestations, assessment and role of nurse toward neonatal pain. Tool II: Observational checklist sheet. This sheet assessed the nurses’ practices including: (pain assessment tools as CRIES scale and the neonatal infant pain scale (NIPS), Hand Washing and nonpharmacologic techniques to relieve pain in neonatal units as (non-nutritive sucking , skin to skin contact with the mother (kangaroo care) , rocking and holding and swaddling). As regard to the finding of the current study, it was revealed that, all nurses were females and the majority of the studied nurses were in the age group from 21-30 years old. Most of them have clinical institute with current job experience less than 5 years. The result of the current study revealed that there was a very significant difference (P. <0.0001) in nurses’ knowledge and practice between three stages (pre, immediately post and after three months) implementing of the educational program. Before program implementation, all nurses had unsatisfactory knowledge and improper practice but on immediate and follow up test all of them had satisfactory knowledge and proper practice. Recommendations: A continuous training and educational program should be planned and offered on regular basis for nurses regarding nonpharmacologic techniques to relieve pain.