الفهرس 
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Abstract
SUMMARY
Treatment planning is one of the most important elements in determining implant success. There must be a previously developed treatment plan for the prosthetic restoration to ensure the ideal implant placement and to avoid any surgical complications before the surgery. Nowadays prosthetically driven implant placement according to the surrounding anatomical structures has been a subject of interest to the implantologists.
Correct implant positioning has a lot of advantages such as favorable esthetic and prosthetic outcome. The flapless technique facilitates minimal interference of the blood supply and it reduces the surgical time. This together with other advantages of flapless techniques such as lower morbidity, better postoperative healing and the absence of sutures have made it a technique that is increasingly demanded by the dentist and the patient. It is used by clinicians in Implantology, both in freehand dental implant surgeries and in implant guided surgery.
CBCT volumetric datasets can be exported in DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine) format and imported into a third-party software that is specifically designed for implant planning. With this software, various three dimensional and cross-sectional images can be created. It is also possible to create virtual image-displays, simulated implant placements and to use the software for computer-guided surgery. One of the important technologies that is available to assist surgeons in the treatment planning process is 3D imaging technology. Using a surgical guide made by stereolithographic techniques, the planned implant positions are then transferred to the surgical field.
Obtaining three-dimensional (3D) models of the dental arches is becoming increasingly more important in dentistry. Using these models to help in diagnosis, treatment planning, simulation and outcome assessment will have a major impact on clinical practice. Digital dental casts allow for an accurate and reliable representation of the dentition. Fusion of the digital dental casts into the CBCT dataset provides means of having proper representation of the teeth in a CBCT scan.
The aim of the present study is to compare the accuracy between computer guided implant placement and that of computer aided implant placement with the conventional surgical guide. the accuracy of both groups was measured as the preoperative CBCT plan was superimposed with the postoperative CBCT actual implant position by an interactive software to verify the accuracy.
In this study there are two groups. Computer aided implant placement group included 8 patients. They received 10 dental implants using the computer aided implant planning. With the help of the three-dimensional printing technology, a 3D model was printed for the area of interest. A clear acrylic stent was made over this model with a metal sleeve corresponding to the diameter of the pilot drill (2.2 mm).
Computer guided implant placement group included 8 patients. They received 10 dental implants using the computer guided implant placement.
In the present study, three deviation parameters between each planned and placed implant were measured 1- Degree Difference, 2- coronal difference (X axis deviation, Y axis deviation and Z axis deviation) 3- Apical difference (X, Y, Z). There was no statistically significant difference in the degree difference between the two groups and the least mean value was found in the computer guided implant placement group. While in the coronal difference, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups and the least mean value was found in the computer aided implant placement group and for the apical difference there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups and the least mean value was found in the computer guided implant placement group.
CONCLUSIONS