الفهرس 
CHAPTER (1) INTRODUCTION AND LITERATURE REVIEWOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The main goal of design and optimization of RO desalination plant is producing high quality permeate with large flow rate at lowest energy consumption under variable operating conditions. At the present work theoretical estimation of brackish water RO desalination unit was made by ROSA software to study the effect of variation of different operating conditions on the performance of RO unit. The effects of changing feed water pressure , feed water temperature and feed water TDS on recovery ratio, brine flow rate, permeate flow rate, permeate TDS and specific energy consumption were studied. Then an experimental test rig was designed and constructed using ROSA software according to steps of designing RO unit, used to perform experiments to simulate the environmental conditions and operational parameters for RO units. The experiments have been carried out in a lab at the Naval Research and Calibration Center across different operating conditions to build correlation between input and output parameters. Regression analysis was made to show the relationship between input and output parameters using Data Fit software. Samples of experimental results were compared with ROSA results to check the accuracy of experimental results. Both theoretical estimation Results and experimental results that explain the influence of the main operating parameters are shown as follow: At constant feed water parameters. 1. Feed water pressure increases the permeate flow rate and the recovery ratio increase while brine rejected, permeate TDS and specific power consumption decrease 2. Feed water TDS increases the permeate flow rate and the recovery ratio decrease while brine rejected, permeate TDS and specific power consumption increase. 3. Feed water temperature increases the permeate flow rate, permeate TDS and the recovery ratio increase while brine rejected, and specific power consumption decrease. The regression equations are suitable for calculating the output operation parameters of small scale RO unit at feed water pressure range from 10 to 30 bar, feed water temperature range from 5 to 45ºC, feed water TDS values range from 4000 to 10000 ppm.