الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is one of the most common metabolic disorders in the world. One of its complications is diabetic nephropathy. Diabetic nephropathy is a serious global health problem, and is now considered a key determinant of the poor health outcomes of major non communicable diseases. Gum Arabic (GA) which is a branched-chain polysaccharide indigestible to humans and animals. It has been considered as a safe dietary fiber by the United States, Food and Drug Administration (FDA) since the last century. It is used in Middle Eastern countries for the treatment of patients with chronic kidney disease. Recent animal experiments shed some light into mechanisms involved in the therapeutic action of GA. Also Omega-3 fatty acids (PUFA) possess numerous properties that may be beneficial in the management of DM and its complications.
The aim of the current study was to compare between the effects of Gum arabic and Omega-3 fatty acids on the plasma level of kidney injury molecule-1 and kidney functions in an experimental model of diabetic nephropathy induced by streptozocin in rats.
It was carried out on 40 male albino rats divided into four groups (n= 10 in each). group I served as healthy control, group II was the untreated diabetic group, group III were diabetic rats that received a daily dose of Gum acacia, while group IV were diabetic rats that received Omega-3 fatty acids for three weeks after diagnosis of DM.
The results show that plasma KIM-1 levels increased in untreated diabetic rats even before the appearance of proteinuria.The fasting blood glucose level was significantly lower in group III than group IV rats in the second week . There was no statistically significant difference between group III and IV rats regarding proteinuria, serum creatinine, serum urea and urinary creatinine. The creatinine clearance, which reflects the GFR, was significantly higher in group III than group IV rats, at the end of the third week. Plasma levels of KIM-1 was significantly lower in group III compared to group IV at the end of the second week. In addition, rats treated with GA had a normal kidney architecture and histology, with absence of interstitial fibrosis while rats receiving omega 3 had mild increased mesangial matrix and cellularity as well as mild thickening of the glomerular basement membrane