الفهرس 
Features and properties of the primary teethOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Pulpotomy is one of the most frequently used treatments for retaining cariously involved primary molars that would otherwise be extracted. It is based on the rationale that the remaining radicular tissues are capable of healing or regenerating after the amputation of the affected or infected coronal pulp. Although, formocresol pulpotomy is the most used technique for the treatment of deep carious and exposed vital primary teeth, its use is still questionable. The need for an alternative more biologically acceptable medicament that can successfully replace formocresol thus becomes obvious. Lots of trials have been attempted, some failed and others were promising. Ozone has been used successfully for the treatment of various diseases for decades. Its unique properties include immunostimulant, analgesic, antihypnotic, detoxicating, antimicrobial, bioenergetic and biosynthetic actions. The main use of ozone in dentistry relays on its antimicrobial properties. It is proved to be not only an effective powerful oxidizing agent against both gram positive and gram negative bacteria, viruses and fungi, but also a very powerful non-chemical disinfectant. This study was conducted to evaluate and compare the clinical pulp response, radiographic and histopathological signs after using ozonoid cream and formocresol as pulpotomy medicaments in primary molars. where it consisted of two parts; clinical and experimental. The Clinical Study The clinical study was performed on 60 primary molars selected in children aged 4-7 years attending the Pediatric Dentistry Department Clinic, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University. Each child has one or two bilateral molars fulfilling the clinical and radiographic criteria for the research. Each child received both types of treatment, each on one side. The teeth were randomly divided into two groups of thirty molars each according to the pulp capping materials used. A reinforced zinc oxide eugenol (IRM) was placed over the dressing materials to fill the cavity. Stainless steel crowns were used to cover all of the treated teeth as a final restoration. The molars were followed up and reevaluated clinically and radiographically after 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. At three and six month follow-up, all cases were presented for evaluation. While at nine months follow-up, two cases were lost leaving 28 teeth in each group for evaluation and at twelve months follow-up, another two cases were lost leaving 26 teeth in each group for evaluation. Clinical and radiographic results from this study after twelve months of observations revealed that ozone showed favorable outcomes as pulpotomy agent in human primary teeth with high clinical and radiographic (92%) overall success rates. Formocresol showed (92%) clinical and (88%) radiographic overall success rates after twelve months follow-up. When comparing the clinical and radiographic results of ozone with those of formocresol, the difference was found to be non-significant. The Experimental Study The study was conducted on three puppies aged one to two months as a split mouth experimental study, where each puppy received both types of treatment, each on one side. Eight pulpotomies were done in each puppy. Two of the remaining molars in each puppy were left untreated as control (in reference to the normal pulp tissue of the puppy). The pulpotomies were performed under general anesthesia. Ozonoid cream was applied on the radicular pulp as a capping material after pulpotomy in twelve molars of three puppies, where four right molars (two mandibular and two maxillary) in each puppy were capped with ozone. Formocresol was applied on the four left molars in a split mouth study design. The cavities of all the treated teeth were restored with IRM followed by glass ionomer as a final restoration. The puppies were kept in the animal house and maintained on soft balanced diet till the time they were sacrificed. All the puppies stayed healthy till the end of the study period without losses. The first puppy was sacrificed after one week, second puppy was sacrificed after 2 weeks and the third puppy was sacrificed four weeks following pulpotomy. Sacrificing was done by an overdose of the anesthetic material. The results of the histological study revealed that; ozone showed less inflammation and more preservation of the odontoblastic layer than formocresol. Ozone also showed tendency for healing and reparative dentine formation, although the results were not significantly different between the two groups. After evaluating the clinical, radiographic and histological performance of both ozone and FC (gold standard), it was found that, both materials achieved high overall success rate and there was no statistical significant difference between the two materials. This would suggest the use of ozone as a pulpotomy medicament and that it can be used as an alternative to FC due to its advantages of being natural and less hazardous to the remaining pulp tissue. This study paves ways for further long-term clinical and histological studies to test the performance of the ozonoid cream.