الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Metamaterials (MTMs) are broadly defined as artificial composite materials specifically engineered to produce desired unusual electromagnetic properties not readily available in nature. The most interesting unusual property achievable with MTMs is probably their negative refraction index, which is achieved when both the permittivity and the permeability of a medium are negative. Such structures are also referred to as lefthanded media (LHM). from the first evidences in the early 2000’s showing that materials with a negative refractive index were indeed physically realizable. Metalens (ML) provides high resolution for target detection and imaging ,by scanning the focal spot in the region under detection and screening the field intensity distribution of backscattered microwave (MW) refocused by the metalens. Moreover, almost unique imaging resolution for the detection and imaging of target at different depths is also demonstrated. An estimated 14.1 million people were diagnosed with cancer across the world in 2012. More than half of these – 8 million – occurred in economically developing countries. The number of cancer deaths in 2012 worldwide is about 8.2 million. Lung cancer is the most common type of cancer among men globally (accounting for 13% of all new cases), and breast cancer was by far the most common cancer diagnosed in women (11.9% of all new cases). Breast cancer is the most common cause of death from cancer in women worldwide (ranking fifth in both sexes combined), responsible for almost 481,049 deaths in 2011. Early detection of breast cancer save many thousands of lives each year, the early detection of breast cancer improves the chances that breast cancer can be diagnosed at an early stage and treated successfully. By 2030, the global burden is expected to grow to 21.7 million new cancer cases and 13 million cancer deaths simply due to the growth and aging of the population.The goal of this work is to develop a MW imaging system able to reconstruct images of breast and detect tumors in curable stages using metalens . A new design for breast cancer detection system is proposed based on slice imaging technique, by combining multi-point source MW imaging system to achieve full illumination of breast under detection with movable ring shaped metalens structure consisting of metallic split-ring resonators (SRRs) surrounding a layered beast (according to the large majority of female breast tissue structures, fat 70% , fibroglandular 30%) . The proposed ring shaped metalens structure is described by (Nu). As a matter of fact, changing the proposed design can be done by varying the number of array elements , Nu, or unit cells Nc. The proposed MW imaging method for early detection of breast cancer using the proposed metalens offers easy in-depth scanning, high-resolution for detection and screening of backscattered MW refocused by the proposed method. The system shows that tumors as small as 0.1 mm can be detected in fat by choosing the suitable meta-lens structure and the exciting antennas. Tumors can be clearly detected due changes in their dielectric properties, which shows a distinguished contrast from the surrounding normal tissue according to the water contents. A comprehensive novel realization procedure for a proposed metalens design is presented. The breast can be fully covered with 40 meta-lens array elements and 40 unit cells to achieve tumors as small as 0.09 mm in fat layer and 0.15 mm in fibroglandular layer.