الفهرس 
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Abstract
The current finite element study compared the stress patterns induced by ball &socket attachment with different marital(rigid and resilient) when used to retain mandibular overdentures ported by two root form dental implants. The outline and geometry of an edentulous mandible were detected using images by a digital camera. The geometrical models were then created simulating the implant abutment complex, supporting cortical bone, cancellous bone and mucosa as well as the overdenture and resilient caps. After construction of the components of the study, they were exported to the ANSYS 9 program, and assembled together to obtain a finite element model, containing all the structures of the study. All materials were assumed to be isotropic, homogenous and linearly elastic.
The three-dimensional models simulated a clinical situation where an edentulous mandible was restored by two different treatment options using implant overdentures. The overdentures were supported by two implants placed at the approximate canine region using ball andsocket attachment. The load was applied of value of 50,100,150 N with angle of vertical 90° then the obliqueload with angel 45°and load applied by 100 from the lingual direction on the left premolar/molar region. The generated stresses were calculated numerically in Mega Pascal and were plotted graphically for better evaluation
The results of this study showed that the stresses generated by the application of vertical or oblique loads varied according to the type of attachmentConnected to the implant used to support theoverdenture.