الفهرس 
Abstract
Aquaculture industry and nanotechnologyOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Nanotechnology industry is among the most rapidly developing sectors because of widespread use of products composed of or containing nanomaterials in biomedical research, electronics and entertainment industries, energy generation and storage, agriculture, food, environmental health and hygiene industries.
In order to obtain information of the dose of nanoparticles (inside the body), the development of validated (real-time) detection and characterization methods for nanoparticles in biological fluids and tissues is urgently needed.
The present study was designed to determine the plasma and tissue distribution of the nanoparticles in Nile tilapia (Oreochromisniloticus) to investigate their safe clinical use as antimicrobial agent.
Eleven groups of apparently healthy Nile tilapia (3 fish per group) were intraperitoneally injected (I/P) with a single dose of 100 µg/gm fish from MgO-NPs.
Blood samples were collectedby the heart puncture approach after 5 m, 0.5, 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h of the injection of the MgO-NPs. Blood samples were centrifuged at 10000 rpm for 10 minutes at 4°C to obtain the serum.For the tissue distribution study, tissue samples of the kidney, liver, muscle, gills were collected at designated times (0.5, 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96 h, and 7 days), and kept at -20ºC.
Digestion of frozen samples was carried out andthe diluted digested sample was filtered .measure the MgO/NP concentration by Atomic absorption spectrophotometer.
Results of the Atomic absorption spectrophotometerrevealed that MgO-NPs levels in blood raised rapidly and immediately after the dosing, and high concentrations was observed as early as 5 minutes after injection and eliminated within 24 h.
Distribution of particles to several organs including kidney, liver, gills and muscle rapidly after injection.
Magnesium oxide nanoparticles distribute mostly in the kidney and liver after injection.
The First significant increase of MgO-NPs in liver of Oreochromisniloticuswas seen 30 minutes post injection and the particlesreached the peak levels in 6 hrs post injection and started to decline to reach the control levels in 24 hrs post injection .
MgO-NPs in the kidney of Oreochromisniloticus after intra-peritoneal injection was noted after only 30 minutes post injection. The peak levels were seen 6 hrs post injection and they returned to the control levels by 72 hrs post injection .
Gills of Oreochromisniloticus showed insignificant increase of MgO-NPs levels over time up to 72 hrs post injection. Levels reached the peak in 6hrs post injection and then started to decrease to the control levels in 24hrs.
In muscles, MgO-NPs showed slight increase after 1 and 3 hrs post injection but were near the control levels in all other time points.
The lowest concentration of MgO-NPs in the present study was found in the muscle of fish and the elimination happened rapidly with no accumulation in the muscle.
Based on these results and rapid elimination of MgO-NPs, Itsuggested that MgO-NPs can be cleared from the body quickly, these results suggests the use of MgO-NPs more than once in dosing.