الفهرس 
TYPE 1 DIABETES IN CHILDRENOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by chronic hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Depression is common among adolescents and its occurrence is two to three times higher in people with diabetes mellitus, the majority of the cases remaining under diagnosed.
Aim of the Work: The aim of the study is to detect depression disorder among adolescents with type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and determine the risk factors and relation to the glycemic control.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 100 adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Patients were recruited from the outpatient diabetes specialized clinic, pediatric hospital at Ain Shams University. Patients were subjected to: (1) An interview Pre structured questionnaire which included the following: Personal history, socio economic level, medical history: Duration of DM, No. of hospital admission, presence of diabetic complication, BMI and Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1C) measurement at time of study. (2) Psychiatric screening for the major depressive disorders by using the Arabic version of PHQ-A ” modified PHQ-9 for adolescents ”. (3) Essential examination & investigatins to detect presence of complication
Results: We found that 89% of the patients have depression, while 11% of them did not have. There is a statistically significant relationship between age and the degree of depression is that the degree of depression increases with increases age (p=0.000). There is a statistically significant relationship between sex and the degree of depression indicate that the rate of occurrence of depression among females is higher than among males (p=0.000). Regarding of socioeconomic level, there was a statistically significant relationship between that level and the degree of depression (p=0.001). There is a statistically significant relationship between HbA1c and the degree of depression is that the degree of depression increases with increases HbA1c (p = 0.000). There is a statistically significant relationship between obesity and the degree of depression is that the degree of depression increases with increases obesity (p = 0.002).
Conclusions: Adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) are at increased risk for depression specially those with poor diabetic control. Diabetes and depression have a bidirectional relation so that, early detection of depression and good glycemic control is the key point to prevent further complications of T1DM and for better life quality. Patients who received health education have better glycemic control, less hospital admission, less diabetic complications and better psychological status